攻角和侧滑角作用下超空泡射弹小角度入水弹道特性

许腾飞; 赵越; 郭则庆; 孙帅; 闫雪璞

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0041

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攻角和侧滑角作用下超空泡射弹小角度入水弹道特性

更新时间：2026-04-24

- 攻角和侧滑角作用下超空泡射弹小角度入水弹道特性
- Ballistic Characteristics of Supercavitating Projectiles Entering the Water at small Angle of Attack and Sideslip Angle
- 兵工学报 2026年47卷第2期页码：250041
- 作者机构：
  
  南京理工大学瞬态物理全国重点实验室，江苏南京 210094
- 作者简介：
  
  通信作者邮箱：guozq@njust.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.0041
  中图分类号： TJ630.1
- 收稿：2025-01-13，
  
  网络首发：2025-12-25，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- 稿件说明：
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许腾飞, 赵越, 郭则庆, 等. 攻角和侧滑角作用下超空泡射弹小角度入水弹道特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(2):250041.

XU Tengfei, ZHAO Yue, GUO Zeqing, et al. Ballistic Characteristics of Supercavitating Projectiles Entering the Water at small Angle of Attack and Sideslip Angle[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(2): 250041.
许腾飞, 赵越, 郭则庆, 等. 攻角和侧滑角作用下超空泡射弹小角度入水弹道特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(2):250041. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0041.

XU Tengfei, ZHAO Yue, GUO Zeqing, et al. Ballistic Characteristics of Supercavitating Projectiles Entering the Water at small Angle of Attack and Sideslip Angle[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(2): 250041. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0041.

摘要

初始攻角和侧滑角作为超空泡射弹小角度入水过程中的关键参数，对入水稳定性具有显著影响。基于Schnerr-Sauer空化模型、多相流模型和重叠网格技术，构建了超空泡射弹小角度入水的数值仿真模型。为验证模型的有效性，通过高速摄像机和弹道枪开展射弹高速小角度入水试验，试验结果与数值模拟结果具有良好的一致性，证实了所建立数值方法的可靠性。基于验证的数值模型，本研究系统研究了不同初始攻角和侧滑角条件下超空泡射弹的入水过程，重点分析了空泡演化特征、流场分布规律以及射弹运动参数（包括速度、俯仰角、攻角等）和流体动力参数的变化规律。研究结果表明：小幅度正攻角可提升射弹的入水稳定性，但是超过一定的临界值后，流体动力系数出现显著波动，导致弹道失稳，负攻角无论大小均会降低射弹的入水稳定性；侧滑角增大会导致空泡受到不对称挤压，空泡呈现明显的非对称分布特征，尾拍现象加剧，显著降低射弹的运动稳定性。

Abstract

The initial angle of attack and sideslip angle

as critical parameters in the process of small-angle water entry of supercavitating projectiles

have significant influence on the stability during water entry. A numerical simulation model for the small-angle water entry of supercavitating projectiles is established based on the Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model

multiphase flow model

and overset grid technology. To verify the effectiveness of the model

the high-speed small angle water entry tests are conducted using high-speed cameras and ballistic guns. The test results show good agreement with the numerically simulated results

confirming the reliability of the proposed numerical method. The validated numerical model is used to systematically investigate the water entry process of supercavitating projectiles under different initial angles of attack and sieslip angles. The research focuses on analyzing the characteristics of cavity evolution

the distribution of flow field

and the variations in projectile motion parameters(including velocity

pitch angle

angle of attack

etc.)and the hydrodynamic parameters. The results indicate that a small positive angle of attack can enhance the stability of the projectile during water entry. However

beyond a certain critical value

the hydrodynamic coefficients exhibit significant fluctuations

leading to trajectory instability. In contrast

a negative angle of attack

regardless of its magnitude

reduces the stability of the projectile during water entry. An increase in the sideslip angle causes the cavity to be subjected to asymmetric compression

resulting in a distinctly asymmetric cavity distribution and intensifing a tail-slapping phenomena

which significantly degrade the motion stability of projectile.

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references

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