高速精密机床主轴轴承动态性能演化行为分析

常振; 周振宇; 李兴林; 陆水根; 李雄; 李斌; 朴钟宇

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.1138

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高速精密机床主轴轴承动态性能演化行为分析

更新时间：2026-04-24

- 高速精密机床主轴轴承动态性能演化行为分析
- Analysis of Dynamic Performance Evolution Behaviors of Spindle Bearings in High-speed Precision Machine Tools
- 兵工学报 2026年47卷第2期页码：241138
- 作者机构：
  
  浙江工业大学机械工程学院，浙江杭州 310023
  钱潮轴承有限公司，浙江杭州 311247
  杭州轴承试验研究中心有限公司，浙江杭州 310022
  机械工业轴承产品质量检测中心（杭州），浙江杭州 310022
- 作者简介：
  
  通信作者邮箱：zhouzy@zjut.edu.cn
  通信作者邮箱：piaozy@zjut.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2024.1138
  中图分类号： TH133.33+4
- 收稿：2024-12-20，
  
  网络首发：2026-03-15，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-28
- 稿件说明：
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常振, 周振宇, 李兴林, 等. 高速精密机床主轴轴承动态性能演化行为分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(2):241138.

CHANG Zhen, ZHOU Zhenyu, LI Xinglin, et al. Analysis of Dynamic Performance Evolution Behaviors of Spindle Bearings in High-speed Precision Machine Tools[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(2): 241138.
常振, 周振宇, 李兴林, 等. 高速精密机床主轴轴承动态性能演化行为分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(2):241138. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2024.1138.

CHANG Zhen, ZHOU Zhenyu, LI Xinglin, et al. Analysis of Dynamic Performance Evolution Behaviors of Spindle Bearings in High-speed Precision Machine Tools[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(2): 241138. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2024.1138.

摘要

精密机床主轴轴承的动态性能直接关系到机床的综合运行状态，针对主轴轴承7208 B进行加速寿命试验和摩擦力矩检测，分别获得80 h、160 h、240 h、320 h和400 h各时间节点的振动和摩擦力矩动态性能时间序列。将前80h的振动和摩擦力矩数据作为基准序列，求取其他时间节点动态性能信号与基准序列的初值化灰关联度、均值化灰关联度、区间值化灰关联度、相对关联度和绝对关联度，以表征该轴承性能在各服役阶段与初始状态的相似度，评判其动态性能的退化程度。再以均值法、逐步均值累加法和隶属函数法将多个灰关联度模型有效融合，综合量化评估高速精密机床主轴轴承动态性能的演化历程。研究结果表明：该轴承动态性能在运行初期阶段会有明显的退化，但在160～320 h之间退化行为相对平缓，在320 h之后演化程度较为剧烈；总体演化行为呈非线性退化趋势，表现为前期显著退化、中期平缓、后期加速的特性，且与同批次试验轴承微观形貌变化保持良好的一致性。

Abstract

The dynamic performance of spindle bearing for precision machine tool is directly related to the comprehensive operation state of the precision machine tool. Accelerated life test and friction torque detection are conducted on the spindle bearing 7208B

and the dynamic performance time series of vibration and friction torque are obtained at each time node of 80 h

160 h

240 h

320 h

and 400 h. Using the vibration and friction torque data of the first 80 hours as the reference sequence

the initial value grey correlation degree

mean value grey correlation degree

interval value grey correlation degree

relative correlation degree

and absolute correlation degree between the dynamic performance signals of other time nodes and the reference sequence are calculated to characterize the performance similarity of the bearing at each service stage and the initial state and evaluate the degree of degradation in its dynamic performance. The multiple grey relational degree models are effectively integrated using the mean method

stepwise mean accumulation method

and membership function method to comprehensively and quantitatively assess the evolution process of dynamic performance of spindle bearing for high-speed precision machine tool. The results indicate that the dynamic performance of the bearing shows a significant degradation at the initial stage of operation

but its degradation behavior is relatively gentle among 160 and 320 h

and the degree of evolution is more severe after 320 h. The overall evolution behavior shows a nonlinear degradation trend

showing the characteristics of significant degradation in the early stage

gentle degradation in the middle stage

and accelerated degradation in the late stage

and is in good agreement with the change in the micro morphology of the same batch of test bearings.

关键词

Keywords

references

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