张滨 , 郝磊 . 导弹无依托作战及其能力需求综述 [J ] . 飞航导弹 , 2017 ( 4 ): 43 - 46 ,59.

ZHANG B , HAO L . Overview of missile unsupported combat and its capability requirements [J ] . Aerodynamic Missile Journal , 2017 ( 4 ): 43 - 46 ,59. (in Chinese)

周晓和 , 马大为 , 胡建国 , 等 . 某导弹无依托发射场坪动态响应研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2014 , 35 ( 10 ): 1595 - 1603 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2014.10.012 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2014.10.012 为得到某导弹无依托发射时场坪的动态响应，采用Hongnestad方程及改进后的Saenz单轴方程分别拟合混凝土在受压时的上升段及下降段应力-应变关系，构建了一条适用于沥青混凝土的受压应力-应变曲线；引入损伤因子并结合Sidiroff能量等价原理，建立了某导弹无依托发射场坪塑性损伤动态本构；基于含场坪的发射平台非线性结构动力学模型，分析了导弹在发射状态下场坪的动态响应。研究结果表明：在导弹垂直待发射阶段，后支腿处场坪比前支腿处场坪动态响应明显；在导弹垂直发射阶段，发射筒底部处场坪沉降较大，发射筒底部处场坪与后支腿处场坪交叉区域损伤严重。研究结果可为导弹无依托发射前场坪快速评估提供理论支撑。

ZHOU X H , MA D W , HU J G , et al. Research on dynamic response of launching site for missile unsuported random launch [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2014 , 35 ( 10 ): 1595 - 1603 . (in Chinese)

李昊临 . 海上冷发射冲击载荷下火箭发射架动力响应及优化研究 [D ] . 哈尔滨 : 哈尔滨工程大学 , 2023 .

LI H L . Research on dynamic response and optimization of rocket launcher under impact load of cold launch at sea [D ] . Harbin : Harbin Engineering Technology , 2023 . (in Chinese)

缴天航 , 姜毅 , 王登 , 等 . 基于随动时变风载荷的车载导弹发射动力学研究 [J ] . 弹箭与制导学报 , 2023 , 43 ( 1 ): 54 - 62 .

JIAO T H , JIANG Y , WANG D , et al. Research on the launching dynamics of vehicle-mounted missile based on following-up and time-varying wind load [J ] . Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance , 2023 , 43 ( 1 ): 54 - 62 . (in Chinese)

励明君 , 姜毅 , 马立琦 , 等 . 基于神经网络算法的发射场坪承载能力预测方法 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 5 ): 982 - 991 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0245 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0245 为进一步提高发射场坪的快速选定能力，提出基于线性多元回归算法、反向传播（BP）神经网络算法和径向基函数（RBF）神经网络算法的发射场坪承载特性近似模型，对其承载能力进行快速预测。采用了引入参数敏感度的优化拉丁超立方采样方法，构建样本空间并分别建立起竖载荷和发射载荷下的算法预测近似模型；利用上述预测算法，通过某结构参数未知的场坪在起竖载荷下的动力学响应，预测其在发射载荷下的可能最大弯沉值，判断土基弹性模量未知的发射场坪承载能力。结果表明：RBF神经网络算法对起竖载荷和发射载荷下的场坪最大弯沉量均具有最优的预测性能，与有限元计算结果相对比，回归系数分别为0.941和0.983，模型精度较高，具有可信性；预测结果与仿真结果的平均误差为10.46%；对于承载强度较大的场坪，残差范围在±2 mm以内，对发射过程中的场坪选定决策具有参考价值。

LI M J , JIANG Y , MA L Q , et al. The prediction method based on neural network algorithm for the bearing capacity of launching site [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2022 , 43 ( 5 ): 982 - 991 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0245 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0245 A rapid prediction method of the bearing capacity of launching site is proposed to improve the quick response ability of the missile launching，which is based on linear multiple regression algorithm，back propagation(BP) algorithm and radial basis function (RBF) algorithm. An optimized Latin hypercube sampling method with parameter sensitivity is applied to construct the sample space. The approximate models evaluated by different algorithms under different loads are established and proved to be effective. Evaluation algorithm of the bearing capacity of unknown launching site is established to predict the probable maximum deflection under launch load using dynamical response of the launching site under erection load. The results show that the RBF algorithm has the best prediction performance and the regression coefficients under erection and launch loads are 0.941 and 0.983.The average error between predicted and simulated results is 10.46%. For the launching site with higher bearing capacity，the residual error of the evaluation algorithm ranges in ±2 mm.

张震东 , 马大为 , 仲健林 , 等 . 某型导弹冷发射装备场坪适应性研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2020 , 41 ( 2 ): 280 - 290 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.02.009 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.02.009 为研究某型导弹冷发射装备的场坪适应性，找到影响发射装备场坪适应性的影响因素和评价指标，推导出场坪垂向刚度和风载荷两个重要影响因素的计算方法，确定影响因素取值范围。基于此，采用优化拉丁超立方试验设计方法生成试验样本点。利用有限元数值模型对发射装备的动力响应进行大子样仿真分析，获得样本点空间内导弹出筒时的角位移和角速度，并选择径向基神经网络法建立导弹出筒姿态近似模型，分析导弹出筒姿态敏感度。在敏感度分析的基础上，给出考虑多个因子共同作用下的场坪适应性综合判据，为发射装备的场坪适应性评估提供参考。通过分析可知，当风速不大于2.5 m/s，路面纵坡不大于1.2°时，该发射装备在4级沥青路面即可满足该型导弹发射要求，说明其具有良好的场坪适应性。

ZHANG Z D , MA D W , ZHONG J L , et al. Research on adaptability of a cold launching system of missile to launching site [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2020 , 41 ( 2 ): 280 - 290 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.02.009 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.02.009 In order to study the adaptability of a cold launching system, the influencing factors and evaluation indexes of adaptability of cold launching system to launching site are found, and the calculation methods of vertical stiffness and wind load are derived. According to the range of influencing factors and evaluation indexes, the test sample points are generated by use of Latin hypercube design method. The angular displacement and angular velocity of sample space are obtained from dynamic response analysis of large sample simulation based on the equipment FEM model. An approximate model of missile attitude is established, and the sensitivity of missile attitude is analyzed by using the radial basis neural network method. On the basis of sensitivity analysis, a synthesis criterion considering multiple factors of adaptability is given, which provides a reference for evaluating the adaptability of launching system. It is shown through the analysis that the four-stage asphalt pavement can meet the missile launch requirements when the wind speed is not more than 2.5 m/s and the longitudinal slope of road is less than 1.2°. Key

张震东 , 马大为 , 任杰 , 等 . 冷发射装备对地载荷作用下预设场坪的动力响应研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2015 , 36 ( 2 ): 279 - 286 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.02.013 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2015.02.013 为了研究冷发射装备对地载荷作用下场坪的动力响应，将对地载荷视为多圆均布动载荷，基于赫兹接触理论获得对地载荷的表达式。以Winkler地基上双层板的控制微分方程为基础，引入双参数地基模型中的地基反力，给出双参数地基模型上双层板的运动微分方程。采用级数分解与傅里叶变换相结合的方法推导单个圆形载荷下场坪挠度的解析式，利用线性叠加方法，得到多个圆形均布动载荷下场坪下沉量的表达式。在ADAMS中建立含场坪的发射装备动力学模型与Simulink进行联合求解，获得各个接触区域圆心处的场坪下沉量，分析结果表明：底座处的场坪下沉量较大且对后两个支撑盘处下沉量产生很大影响；支撑盘之间下沉量的相互影响很小，可忽略。

ZHANG Z D , MA D W , REN J , et al. Research on the bearing capacity of unsupported random launching site [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2015 , 36 ( 2 ): 279 - 286 . (in Chinese)

周晓和 , 王惠方 , 马大为 , 等 . 导弹无依托待发射阶段场坪准静态响应研究 [J ] . 弹道学报 , 2015 , 27 ( 2 ): 91 - 96 . 为得到沥青混凝土发射场坪在导弹无依托待发射阶段时的准静态响应,采用扩展的线性Drucker-Prager本构对沥青混凝土面层进行建模,进一步建立了无依托发射场坪数值模型,研究了导弹在待发射阶段时发射平台前、后支腿处场坪的粘弹塑性响应、沉降值及应力分布,对发射场坪发生塑性变形的条件进行了探讨,分析了支腿处场坪的蠕变效应和塑性应变间的关系。研究结果表明:在导弹垂直待发射阶段,后支腿处场坪发生粘弹塑性应变,而前支腿处场坪发生粘性和弹性应变; 后支腿处场坪由于发生塑性应变导致其蠕变效应比前支腿处场坪明显; 后支腿处场坪沉降比前支腿处场坪明显,导致发射平台整体前高后低; 支腿处场坪表现为局部沉降,最大应力点位于场坪右侧边界、底基层与土基层交界面处。

ZHOU X H , WANG H F , MA D W , et al. Study on unsupported launching site quasi-static response during missile standby phase [J ] . Journal of Ballistics , 2015 , 27 ( 2 ): 91 - 96 . (in Chinese)

杨春浩 , 马大为 , 王晓锋 , 等 . 某导弹无依托发射场坪动态响应影响因素敏感度分析 [J ] . 弹道学报 , 2016 , 28 ( 2 ): 87 - 92 . 为了研究导弹无依托发射场坪动态响应的影响因素,基于最优拉丁超立方(OLHD)试验设计方法和径向基神经网络近似技术,建立了带有塑性损伤本构关系的无依托发射场坪的近似模型; 对场坪位移动态响应的各影响因素进行了敏感度分析。研究结果表明:土基层的弹性模量、改性沥青混凝土层和水稳碎石层的厚度为场坪位移响应的主要影响因素,且与位移响应均呈反比关系; 沥青混凝土材料的弹性模量在不同区间时对场坪位移响应的敏感度不同。

YANG C H , MA D W , WANG X F , et al. Sensitivity analysis of factors affecting launching-site dynamic response of missile with unsupported random launch [J ] . Journal of Ballistics , 2016 , 28 ( 2 ): 87 - 92 . (in Chinese)

孙船斌 , 马大为 , 任杰 . 冷发射平台垂直弹射响应特性研究 [J ] . 南京理工大学学报 , 2015 , 39 ( 5 ): 516 - 522 ,555.

SUN C B , MA D W , REN J . Study on vertical launching response characteristics of cold launch platform [J ] . Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology , 2015 , 39 ( 5 ): 516 - 522 ,555. (in Chinese)

闫攀运 , 梁国柱 , 吕永志 , 等 . 车载冷发射刚柔耦合动力学建模与仿真 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2017 , 38 ( 12 ): 2386 - 2394 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2017.12.012 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2017.12.012 为了分析大跨度柔性车架和起竖托架对车载冷发射系统动态响应的影响，满足快速化和精确化仿真的需要，针对车载冷发射系统典型结构和弹射物理过程，基于笛卡尔坐标方法描述体的运动，以适应发射车约束复杂的特点。采用浮动坐标系方法描述柔性体的变形，通过模态综合法缩减系统的自由度数，并提出采用赫兹接触模型模拟弹重的释放过程，最终建立了车载冷发射系统刚柔耦合动力学快速仿真模型。分别基于弹射模拟试验系统和实装系统对仿真模型进行了试验验证和仿真验证，并进行了车载冷发射刚柔耦合动力学响应分析。结果表明：提出的刚柔耦合仿真模型能够快速有效地分析车载冷发射弹射过程的动态响应特性，满足工程设计的需要；柔性车架模型比刚性车架模型更合理，而且弹射过程发射管口x向相图的奇异点为稳定焦点，说明车载冷发射系统能够恢复到稳定平衡状态。

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