在弹道冲击条件下超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料板破坏模式

甄泓; 肖李军; 杜成鑫; 宋卫东

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0725

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在弹道冲击条件下超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料板破坏模式

更新时间：2025-09-05

- 在弹道冲击条件下超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料板破坏模式
- Damage Modes of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Composite Plates under Ballistic Impact Conditions
- 兵工学报 2025年46卷第7期页码：240725
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室, 北京100081
  2. 强度与结构完整性全国重点实验室, 陕西西安 710065
  3. 南京理工大学机械工程学院, 江苏南京 210094
- 作者简介：
  
  *xljbit@bit.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(12372349);国家自然科学基金项目(12002049);国家自然科学基金项目(12172056);瞬态冲击技术重点实验室基金项目(6142606211112);强度与结构完整性全国重点实验室开放基金项目(LSSIKFJJ202404009)
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2024.0725
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2024-08-25，
  
  网络出版：2025-08-12，
  
  纸质出版：2025-07-31
- 稿件说明：
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甄泓, 肖李军, 杜成鑫, 等. 在弹道冲击条件下超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料板破坏模式[J]. 兵工学报, 2025,46(7):240725.

Hong ZHEN, Lijun XIAO, Chengxin DU, et al. Damage Modes of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Composite Plates under Ballistic Impact Conditions[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(7): 240725.
甄泓, 肖李军, 杜成鑫, 等. 在弹道冲击条件下超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合材料板破坏模式[J]. 兵工学报, 2025,46(7):240725. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2024.0725.

Hong ZHEN, Lijun XIAO, Chengxin DU, et al. Damage Modes of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Composite Plates under Ballistic Impact Conditions[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(7): 240725. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2024.0725.

摘要

超高分子量聚乙烯因其轻质和超强的机械性能而广泛应用于防护领域

可以有效抵御弹丸冲击

然而其细观抗侵彻机理及弹道冲击破坏模式还有待进一步研究。主要以二维机织和单向超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料为研究对象

建立了考虑纤维复合材料细观结构特征的弹道冲击有限元分析模型

针对不同厚度、不同纤维铺层数的复合材料板开展了正/斜侵彻数值模拟

并与试验结果进行了对比分析

验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性。在此基础上

研究了复合材料板在不同冲击条件下的破坏模式与能量吸收特性。结果表明

不同速度下复合材料板的破坏模式大致相同

速度越低靶板的变形区域越大

靶板吸收的能量越少

这反映了材料在低速冲击下更趋向于发生大范围塑性变形而非局部脆性断裂;随着侵彻角度的减小

弹丸与目标材料的相互作用时间显著增加

促进了能量的传递与吸收。研究不仅深入探讨了超高分子量聚乙烯复合材料的弹道冲击力学响应

还明确了不同冲击条件下材料的破坏模式与能量吸收机制

为设计具有高效抗侵彻性能的复合材料靶板提供了坚实的理论基础。

Abstract

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is widely used in the protective field due to its lightweight and exceptional mechanical properties

which can effectively resist projectile impacts.However

the micro-scale anti-penetration mechanism and ballistic impact damage modes of UHMWPE remain to be further investigated. This study focuses on two-dimensional woven and unidirectional (UD) UHMWPE composites

establishing a finite element analysis model for ballistic impacts that considers the microstructural characteristics of fiber-reinforced composites.Numerical simulations of normal and oblique penetration were conducted for composite targets with varying thicknesses and fiber layer counts

and the results were compared with experimental data to verify their reliability.Subsequently

the damage modes and energy absorption characteristics of the composite plates under different impact conditions were investigated.The results indicate that the damage modes of the composite plates are similar across different speeds

with lower speeds resulting in larger deformation areas and less energy absorption

reflecting a tendency for the material to experience extensive plastic deformation rather than localized brittle fracture under low-speed impacts.As the penetration angle decreases

the interaction time between the projectile and the target material significantly increases

enhancing energy transfer and absorption.This study not only delves into the ballistic impact mechanical response of UHMWPE composites

but also clarifies the damage modes and energy absorption mechanisms of the material under different impact conditions

providing a solid theoretical foundation for the design of composite plates with high-efficiency anti-penetration performance.

关键词

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references

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