攻角对超空泡射弹出水流动特性的影响

李赫; 王旭; 吕续舰

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0408

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攻角对超空泡射弹出水流动特性的影响

更新时间：2025-09-05

- 攻角对超空泡射弹出水流动特性的影响
- Influence of Angle of Attack on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Supercavitating Projectile in Water-exit Process
- 兵工学报 2025年46卷第5期页码：240408
- 作者机构：
  
  南京理工大学能源与动力工程学院, 江苏南京 210094
- 作者简介：
  
  * 邮箱: xjlyu@njust.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  瞬态冲击技术重点实验室基金项目(JCKY2023209C001)
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2024.0408
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2024-05-24，
  
  网络出版：2025-05-07，
  
  纸质出版：2025-05-31
- 稿件说明：
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李赫, 王旭, 吕续舰. 攻角对超空泡射弹出水流动特性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2025,46(5):240408.

He LI, Xu WANG, Xujian LÜ. Influence of Angle of Attack on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Supercavitating Projectile in Water-exit Process[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(5): 240408.
李赫, 王旭, 吕续舰. 攻角对超空泡射弹出水流动特性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2025,46(5):240408. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2024.0408.

He LI, Xu WANG, Xujian LÜ. Influence of Angle of Attack on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Supercavitating Projectile in Water-exit Process[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(5): 240408. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2024.0408.

摘要

超空泡射弹出水过程往往会因为发射扰动、横流、波浪等情况出现攻角

影响射弹运动轨迹

对射弹成功出水造成干扰。基于流体体积多相流模型和移动计算域方法

建立超空泡射弹带攻角出水数值计算模型

对不同攻角、速度的射弹出水过程进行仿真。计算结果表明:水中运动阶段射弹存在较小攻角时对空泡形态影响很小

攻角继续增大时射弹肩部和尾部出现沾湿

肩部沾湿产生的二次空泡可能会重新包裹尾部

并导致空泡在迎流侧径向分布更长、不对称明显

空泡在射弹穿透液面后存在扩张趋势。射弹在运动初期表面压力较高

随着空泡的生成高压区域迅速减小

后续运动中会由于局部沾湿、液面附近空泡闭合以及与液面飞溅碰撞而出现局部高压。局部高压多出现在迎流侧

导致该侧压力大于背流侧

射弹出现侧向力和偏航力矩

使射弹的运动轨迹和姿态改变以及攻角减小

初始攻角越大对射弹运动中的攻角、偏航角变化和运动轨迹的影响越明显。当射弹处于5°攻角且速度持续增大时

速度对空泡形态、射弹运动轨迹和偏航角的影响减弱。

Abstract

The water-exit process of supercaviting projectile often has an angle of attack due to launch perturbation

cross-current

wave

etc.

which affects the trajectory of projectile and interferes with the successful water-exit of projectile. A numerical model for the water-exit process of supercaviting projectile with angle of attack is established based on the volume-of-fluid multiphase flow model and the moving computational domain method

and the water-exit processes of projectile at with different angles of attack and velocities are simulated. The calculated results show that a small angle of attack of the projectile has little effect on the cavity morphology in the water movement stage

and the shoulder and tail of projectile are wet with the increase in the angle of attack. A secondary cavity produced by the shoulder wetting may be rewrapped in the tail

and leads to the longer and obvious asymmetric radial distribution of cavity on the inflow side. The cavity has a tendency to expand after the projectile penetrates the water surface. The surface pressure of projectile is high at the beginning of the movement

and the high pressure region decreases rapidly as a cavity is generated

and the local high pressure occurs in the subsequent movement due to local wetting

cavity closure near the water surface

and splash collision with the water surface. The local high pressure occurs mostly on the inflow side

resulting in a higher pressure on that side than on the backflow side. The lateral forces and yaw moments appearing on the projectile cause the trajectory and attitude of the projectile to change and the angle of attack to decrease. The larger the initial angle of attack is

the more obvious its effect on the angle of attack

yaw angle change and trajectory of projectile is. When the projectile is at an angle of attack of 5° and the velocity continues to increase

the effect of velocity on the cavity morphology

the motion trajectory and yaw angle of projectile is weakened.

关键词

Keywords

references

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