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杨磊 , 刘瀚 , 黄广炎 , 等 . 典型防爆装备对TNT爆炸冲击波的防护性能 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 10 ): 2871 - 2884 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0281 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2023.0281 爆炸冲击波是炸药爆炸时产生的强间断载荷,是引起人体颅脑、肺部等含气器官组织直接损伤的主导危害。基于Q235钢钢材和复合材料+液体两种典型材质的防爆装备,开展多种TNT药量的静爆试验和数值计算,研究空爆(FAB)、钢制防爆罐(SEP)和柔性防爆罐(FEP)3种不同防护条件下冲击波传播衰减规律,分析SEP和FEP两种典型防爆装备的响应过程与防护机理,获得典型装备冲击波超压峰值削弱防护的经验模型。研究结果表明:SEP和FEP可以大幅度削弱内爆炸冲击波载荷,相较于同位置处的FAB,SEP可削弱冲击波超压峰值55.4%~66.3%,FEP可削弱超压峰值57.2%~77.7%,且过当量爆炸时FEP的冲击波防护能力明显高于SEP;分析SEP和FEP的主要防护机理均为绕射遮蔽作用,但FEP的顶盖显著增加了冲击波与结构作用时间,通过水的动量提取效应和不同波阻抗界面反射削弱逃逸冲击波强度,而SEP中的冲击波仅通过刚性材料反射消耗后迅速绕射逃逸;建立了SEP、FEP冲击波峰值超压削弱经验模型,与试验结果相比SEP、FEP削弱模型平均误差分别为2.4%和10.2%;得到的典型装备冲击波削弱规律及防护经验模型为防爆罐装备设计提供了参考。

YANG L , LIU H , HUANG G Y , et al. Protection performance of typical explosion-proof equipment against TNT explosion shock wave [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2023 , 44 ( 10 ): 2871 - 2884 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0281 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2023.0281 Blast shock wave is a strong intermittent load produced by explosive explosion, which is a main harmful factor causing direct damage to human brain, lung and other gas-bearing organs. For an explosion-proof equipment made of two typical materials, the static explosion tests and numerical calculations of various TNT charges were carried out to study the attenuation law of shock wave propagation under three different protection conditions of free air burst (FAB), steel explosion-proof (SEP) and flexible explosion-proof (FEP). The response process and protection mechanism of two typical explosion-proof equipment are analyzed, and the empirical model of weakening the shock wave overpressure peak for the protection of typical equipment is obtained. The research shows that SEP and FEP can significantly reduce the internal blast shock wave load. Compared with FAB at the same location, SEP reduces the peak overpressure of shock wave by 55.4%~66.3%, and FEP reduces the peak overpressure by 57.2%~77.7%. The shock wave protection ability of FEP is obviously higher than that of SEP during over-equivalent explosion. The main protection mechanism of SEP and FEP is diffraction shielding, but the FEP roof increases the time of interaction between the shock wave and the structure, and weakens the intensity of escaping shock wave through the momentum extraction effect of water and the interface reflection of different wave impedances, while the shock wave in SEP escapes quickly after reflectiing through the rigid materials. The average errors of SEP and FEP shock wave peak overpressure attenuation models are 2.4% and 10.2%, respectively. The shock wave weakening law and protection experience model of typical equipment obtained in this paper are expected to provide reference for the design of explosion-proof tank equipment.

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陈虎林 , 李广新 , 任新见 . 坑道口部内爆炸情况下扩散室中冲击波的数值分析 [J ] . 爆破 , 2010 , 27 ( 3 ): 105 - 109 ,117.

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KUMAR R A , PATHAK V . Shock wave mitigation using zig-zag structures and cylindrical obstructions [J ] . Defence Technology , 2021 , 17 ( 6 ): 1840 - 1851 . DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2020.10.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2020.10.001 The present study focuses on the mitigation of shock wave using novel geometric passages in the flow field. The strategy is to produce multiple shock reflections and diffractions in the passage with minimum flow obstruction, which in turn is expected to reduce the shock wave strength at the target location. In the present study the interaction of a plane shock front (generated from a shock tube) with various geometric designs such as, 1) zig-zag geometric passage, 2) staggered cylindrical obstructions and 3) zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions have been investigated using computational technique. It is seen from the numerical simulation that, among the various designs, the maximum shock attenuation is produced by the zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions which is then followed by zig-zag passage and staggered cylindrical obstructions. A comprehensive investigation on the shock wave reflection and diffraction phenomena happening in the proposed complex passages have also been carried out. In the new zig-zag design, the initial shock wave undergoes shock wave reflection and diffraction process which swaps alternatively as the shock front moves from one turn to the other turn. This cyclic shock reflection and diffraction process helps in diffusing the shock wave energy with practically no obstruction to the flow field. It is found that by combining the shock attenuation ability of zig-zag passage (using shock reflection and diffraction) with the shock attenuation ability of cylindrical blocks (by flow obstruction), a drastic attenuation in shock strength can be achieved with moderate level of flow blocking. © 2020 The Authors

屈康康 , 闫云聚 , 刘洋 , 等 . 爆炸冲击波在长直坑道和复杂坑道内传播规律的对比研究 [J ] . 应用力学学报 , 2011 , 28 ( 4 ): 434 - 438 ,457.

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赵丹 , 齐昊 , 潘竞涛 , 等 . 不同类型管道内瓦斯爆炸冲击波传播试验研究 [J ] . 中国安全科学学报 , 2018 , 28 ( 3 ): 79 - 83 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.014 http://doi.org/10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.014 为探究不同类型管道内瓦斯爆炸冲击波传播规律,利用L型、T型和十字型试验管道模拟井下巷道结构,采用瓦斯燃烧爆炸测试系统进行瓦斯爆炸模拟试验,监测管道内不同位置的压力值,研究不同类型管道内瓦斯爆炸冲击波在转弯和分岔结构前后的压力变化规律。试验发现:L型管道转弯处外侧管壁爆炸冲击波压力峰值最高;T型和十字型管道的分岔结构可以降低L型管道转弯处的压力峰值,且T型分岔结构的降低效果更好;L型、T型和十字型管道对冲击波压力的衰减效果依次增强。

ZHAO D , QI H , PAN J T , et al. Experimental study on shock wave propagation of gas explosion in Different types of pipelines [J ] . China Safety Science Journal , 2018 , 28 ( 3 ): 79 - 83 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.014 http://doi.org/10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2018.03.014 In order to explore the propagation law of gas explosion shock waves in different types of pipeline,using the pipes of "L" type,"T" type and cross type to simulate the underground roadway for experiments of gas explosion,which using gas combustion explosion test system.Pressure values at different positions in the pipe are detected,pressure variation rule of gas explosion shock wave in the front and rear position of turns and bifurcation structures of different pipe types is studied.The experimental results show that the pressure peak value is the highest on the lateral wall of "L" pipe bend.The bifurcation structure of "T" type and cross pipe can effectively improve the pressure build-up,but the degree of improvement for cross-shaped pipe is less than "T" pipe.The damping effect of shock wave pressure and speed on "L" type,"T" type and cross type pipes is gradually enhanced.

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