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ZAGHLOUL A , REMENNIKOV A , UY B . Enhancement of blast wave parameters due to shock focusing from multiple simultaneously detonated charges [J ] . International Journal of Protective Structures , 2021 , 12 ( 4 ): 541 - 576 . DOI: 10.1177/20414196211033310 http://doi.org/10.1177/20414196211033310 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20414196211033310 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20414196211033310 With the increase of terrorist attacks over the past decades, many engineering societies have started issuing design guides to calculate blast loads on structures. While such guides can be successfully used to assess blast loads due to single detonations, the effects of multiple detonations are often overlooked. In this research, the enhancement in blast parameters resulting from simultaneously detonating multiple charges is investigated, emphasising the interaction of blast waves with narrow targets. A parametric CFD study using the finite volume code Viper::Blast was performed where the number of charges, their arrangement, and the scaled stand-off distances were changed. It is found that, when detonated simultaneously, multiple charges return much higher pressure and impulse values compared to an equivalent single charge. Moreover, an arced arrangement of multiple charges is more efficient than a flat arrangement in enhancing blast wave parameters. Such enhancement is beneficial in scenarios involving demolition. Approximate methods to compute blast wave parameters from multiple simultaneously detonated spherical charges are presented in this study, where pressure and impulse from multiple charges can be computed by only knowing the parameters resulting from an equivalent single charge.

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冯海云 , 胡宏伟 , 肖川 , 等 . 两点阵列爆炸威力场分布及增益研究 [J ] . 火炸药学报 , 2020 , 43 ( 3 ): 345 - 350 . DOI: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.201911014 http://doi.org/10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.201911014 分析了影响粉状炸药起爆的因素;介绍了粉状硝铵炸药的四种敏化方法.认为硝酸铵敏化改性研究是我国粉状炸药的发展方向.

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林尚剑 , 王金相 , 马腾 , 等 . 水下多点爆炸冲击波叠加效应研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2020 , 41 ( 增刊1 ): 39 - 45 .

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翟红波 , 李芝绒 , 苏健军 , 等 . 多点同步内爆炸下典型舱室的毁伤特性 [J ] . 振动与冲击 , 2018 , 37 ( 2 ): 169 - 174 , 181.

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刘家绮 , 赵敏 . 两点爆炸荷载下地铁隧道动力响应数值分析 [J ] . 科技与创新 , 2020 , 160 ( 16 ): 10 - 12 .

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XU Y L , HUANG F L , LIU Y , et al . Effect of close-in successive explosions on the blast behaviors of reinforced concrete beams: an experimental study [J ] . Structures , 2023 , 53 : 29 - 46 . DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2023.04.043 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2023.04.043 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352012423005167 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352012423005167

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王辉明 , 刘飞 , 晏麓晖 , 等 . 接触爆炸荷载对钢筋混凝土梁的局部毁伤效应 [J ] . 爆炸与冲击 , 2020 , 40 ( 12 ): 37 - 45 .

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汪维 , 刘瑞朝 , 吴飚 , 等 . 爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土梁毁伤判据研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2016 , 37 ( 8 ): 1421 - 1429 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.012 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.012 为研究钢筋混凝土梁在爆炸波作用下的毁伤判据，对两种尺寸的钢筋混凝土梁在缩比条件下进行了不同爆炸距离作用和装药量下的试验研究。试验中以高层和框架结构中最常见的两种 梁为研究对象，通过11次独立的爆炸试验，观测了钢筋混凝土梁在不同装药量下的破坏模式和破坏特征。研究结果表明：钢筋混凝土梁在近区爆炸荷载作用下，在同一爆高下，随着装药量的增加，梁的破坏程度逐渐增加，破坏模式由迎爆面中心两侧少量混凝土脱落和背爆面少量断裂裂纹逐渐增加为迎爆面倒三角锥形式混凝土压碎弯曲破坏，背爆面出现三角锥裂纹和背爆面少量混凝土脱落破坏，最终迎爆面和背爆面三角锥破坏区域贯通形成中心区域压碎崩塌弯曲破坏；崩塌区域的尺寸随着装药量增加而逐渐增加。近区爆炸（以爆距0.5 m为例）作用下，试验钢筋混凝土梁的毁伤判据为：当比例爆高Z>0.4 m/kg^1/3 时，梁遭受到轻微破坏；当比例爆高0.3 m/kg^1/31/3</sup> 时，梁遭受到中等破坏；当比例爆高0.28 m/kg^1/31/3</sup>时，混凝土梁遭受重度破坏；当比例爆高Z1/3</sup>，梁遭受严重破坏。在近区爆炸作用下，钢筋混凝土梁的破坏不仅依赖于爆炸比例距离，还与爆高有关，同一比例距离下爆高越大，梁试件的破坏越严重。研究结果可为工程应用及毁伤评估提供参考。

WANG W , LIU R C , WU B , et al . Damage criteria of reinforced concrete beams under blast loading [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2016 , 37 ( 8 ): 1421 - 1429 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.012 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.012 In order to investigate the damage criteria of reinforced concrete (RC) beams under blast loading, the experimental study of two different dimensions of RC beams under different blast distances and charge masses is carried out. Two common RC beams designed for tall buildings and frame structures are taken as the research objects. The damage mode and characteristics of RC beams are got through 11 independent blast experiments. The results show that, when RC beams are subjected to close-in blast loading, the damage level increases with the increase in explosive mass at the same blast distance, the damage mode of RC beams changes from a few fall-off of concrete on the two sides of upper side and a few ruptures on the rear face to the compressed flexural damage of reverse triangle cone-shaped concrete on the upper side and triangle cone-shaped crack and a fall-off of concrete on the rear face, and finally the triangle cone-shaped damage areas on both upper side and rear face are perforated to result in a crushed and punched damage of concrete in the middle area. The damage area increases with the increase in explosive mass. Under close-in blast loading (blast distance= 0.5 m for example), the damage criteria of the RC beams used in the experiment are: the beam suffers from minor damage for scaled burst distance Z>0.4 m/kg^1/3; it suffers from moderate damage for scaled burst distance 0.3 m/kg^1/3<Z<0.4 m/kg^1/3; it suffers from high damage for scaled burst distance 0.28 m/kg^1/3<Z<0.3 m/kg^1/3; it suffers from serious damage for scaled burst distance Z<0.28 m/kg^1/3. It is also found that the damage of RC beam not only depends on the scaled burst distance under close-in blast loading, but also depends on the burst distance. At the same scaled burst distance, the more the burst distance is, the damage of RC beam is more serious. The results can be useful for engineering application and damage assessments.

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