1. 中北大学 环境与安全学院,山西,太原,030051
2. 电子测试技术重点实验室,山西,太原,030051
3. 中北大学 航空宇航学院,山西,太原,030051
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孙月, 范志强, 刘迎彬, 高永宏. 基于耦合压电效应的柔性冲击波测量元件构型优化[J]. 兵工学报,
SUN Yue, FAN Zhiqiang, LIU Yingbin, et al. Configuration Optimization of Flexible Shock Wave Measuring Element Based on Coupled Piezoelectric Effect[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025.
聚偏氟乙烯(Polyvinylidene Fluoride
PVDF)薄膜压力传感器具有频率响应宽、动态压力测试范围广等特点,常用于柔性靶体表面的冲击波测量。然而,传统PVDF传感器仅依赖单一压电模式,在靶体发生变形时易受到面内拉伸干扰,导致输出信号难以解析。尽管已有研究通过周向固支和面外挠曲变形设计,结合d
31
和d
32
方向的耦合压电效应实现了超压测量,但信号仍存在高频振荡和峰值过冲等问题。针对上述问题,相关研究通过数值仿真分析提出阻尼层结构优化策略,再经标定实验评估不同阻尼层构型对信号过冲的影响。研究结果表:阻尼层中心开孔可显著增强敏感元件的面内应力,且通过降低阻尼层惯性效应优化动态响应;采用复合开孔构型的T4-d35传感器通过协调阻尼与刚度,有效抑制超压峰值过冲现象;外场爆炸实验进一步验证该传感器能精准捕捉柔性靶体表面冲击波的动态特征,为复杂环境下冲击波测量提供可靠技术手段。
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film pressure sensors have characteristics such as wide frequency response and a broad dynamic pressure testing range
and are commonly used for shock wave measurements on the surface of flexible targets. However
traditional PVDF sensors rely only on a single piezoelectric mode and are susceptible to in-plane tensile interference when the target deforms
making the output signal difficult to interpret. Although overvoltage measurement has been achieved through circumferential solid support and out-of-plane flexural deformation design
combined with the coupling piezoelectric effect of the directions of d
31
and d
32
the signal still has problems such as high-frequency oscillation and peak overshoot. In response to the above problems
relevant research proposes a damping layer structure optimization strategy thr
ough numerical simulation analysis
and then calibrated experiments to evaluate the impact of different damping layer configurations on signal overshoot. The results show that the central opening in the damping layer can significantly enhance the in-plane stress of the sensitive element
and optimize the dynamic response by reducing the inertial effect of the damping layer. The T4-d35 sensor with a composite open hole configuration effectively suppresses the overpressure peak overshoot by coordinating damping and stiffness. The field explosion experiment further verified that this sensor can accurately capture the dynamic characteristics of the shock waves on the surface of the flexible target
providing a reliable technical means for measuring shock waves in complex environments.
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