Thermal Management System with Heat Storage Device for Special Vehicles

QIN Chenyu; SUN Xiaoxia; SHEN Lili; DAI Rui; MAO Ming

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.1072

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Thermal Management System with Heat Storage Device for Special Vehicles

更新时间：2026-04-08

- Thermal Management System with Heat Storage Device for Special Vehicles
- Acta Armamentarii (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京,100081
  2. 中国北方车辆研究所先进越野系统技术全国重点实验室,北京,100072
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.1072
  CLC： TK02
- Received：05 December 2025，
  
  Online First：08 April 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
秦晨予，孙晓霞，沈丽丽，等. 基于储热装置的特种车辆热管理系统[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-04-08). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1072.

QIN C Y, SUN X X, SHEN L L, et al. Thermal management system with heat storage device for special vehicles[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-04-08). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1072. (in Chinese)
秦晨予，孙晓霞，沈丽丽，等. 基于储热装置的特种车辆热管理系统[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-04-08). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1072. DOI：

QIN C Y, SUN X X, SHEN L L, et al. Thermal management system with heat storage device for special vehicles[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-04-08). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.1072. (in Chinese) DOI：

摘要

针对特种车辆在电气化、智能化发展背景下面临的高热流密度、高频动态产热等热管理难题，提出一种基于储热装置的热管理系统。该系统集成相变材料储热模块与基于电磁驱动的液态金属热开关，通过开关控制实现储热模块与冷却循环之间的热交换。研究建立系统一维仿真模型，分析散热与低温冷起动工况下系统的热响应特性。研究结果表明：启用储热装置可以有效降低散热工况下的低温循环出口水温与风扇能耗，并在冷起动工况下为电力机械循环提供超过30℃的温升，显著提升车辆冷起动性能；通过优化储热模块结构与热开关厚度，可以进一步提升储释热速率与装置保温性能。所得成果对提升特种车辆机动性能及储热装置结构设计具有指导意义。

Abstract

Thedevelopmentofelectrification and intelligentizationofspecial vehicles presentsthesignificant thermal management challenges

including high heat flux density and high-frequency dynamic thermal loads. To address these issues

thispaperproposes a novel thermal management systemwitha phase change material (PCM)-based heat storage device. This systemisequipped witha PCM storage moduleandan electromagnetically actuated liquid metal-based thermal switch

which enablestheprecise on/off control of the heat exchange between the module and the vehicle’s cooling circuit. A 1D simulation modelis established to investigate thethermal responseof the systemundertheconditions ofhigh-load heat dissipation and low-temperature coldstartup. Simulatedresults demonstrate that theheat storage device notably lowers the coolant outlet temperature of low-temperature loop and reducesthepower consumptionoffanduring cooling. In cold-start conditions

the device rapidly elevates the temperature of the electric-mechanical circuit by more than 30 ℃

markedly enhancingthe coolstartup performanceof vehicle. Additionally

The heat transfer rates during charging/discharging and the device's thermal insulation capabilitycanbefurther improvedbyoptimizing the geometry ofheatstorage module and thethicknessofthermal switch. The findingsoffer critical guidance for optimizing the design of heat storage devices and improving the overall mobility and operational readiness of special vehicles.

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references

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