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Transient Thermal Effects in 3D Small-caliber Gun Barrel Systems and Its Relationship with Thermal Deviation CHEN shida，CAO yanfeng , XU cheng*
- Acta Armamentarii (2026)
- 作者机构：
南京理工大学 机械工程学院,江苏,南京,210094
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.0907
CLC： TJ202Received：07 September 2025，
Online First：02 March 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
陈仕达，曹岩枫，徐诚. 小口径三维枪管系统瞬态热效应及其与热偏关系[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-03-02). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.0907.
CHEN S D, CAO Y F, XU C. Transient thermal effects in 3d small-caliber gun barrel systems and its relationship with thermal deviation[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-03-02). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.0907. (in Chinese)
陈仕达，曹岩枫，徐诚. 小口径三维枪管系统瞬态热效应及其与热偏关系[J/OL]. 兵工学报, 2026(2026-03-02). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.0907. DOI：
CHEN S D, CAO Y F, XU C. Transient thermal effects in 3d small-caliber gun barrel systems and its relationship with thermal deviation[J/OL]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026(2026-03-02). https://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2025.0907. (in Chinese) DOI：
摘要
以带外接配件的复杂枪管系统为研究对象，针对高射弹数下瞬态热响应与热偏的定量关联问题，展开了系统研究。使用红外热像仪获取了连续射击中身管外表面的动态温度时空分布特征；为突破现有单身管模型的局限性，建立含外接件和铬镀层的小口径身管的三维热固耦合模型，利用三维有限元法对复杂结构身管在连续射击的高频热载荷下的瞬态温度场和变形场进行分析，计算结果与试验结果误差小于11%，验证了模型的准确性，计算得到了含外接件身管的瞬态温度响应和变形响应，对比不含镀层的计算结果，明确了镀层在热防护中的作用。建立融合瞄具的高低角变化和膛口偏转角变化的弹着点偏移预测模型，提出小口径步枪的热偏计算方法，结合该方法与合含外接件身管三维热固耦合模型的分析结果，进一步对100m射距的弹着点热偏移进行预测，明确热枪状态下弹着点向上偏移规律；通过多组射击精度试验，验证了该热偏预测计算方法的正确性。研究成果为枪械热设计优化与射击精度提升提供了新的理论支撑与技术途径。
Abstract
This paper focuses on a complex barrel system with external attachments
investigating the quantitative relationship between transient thermal response and thermal deflection under high-volume firing conditions.Dynamic spatiotemporal characteristics of the barrel outer surface temperature during continuous firing were captured using an infrared thermal imager. To overcome the limitations of existing single-barrel models
a three-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupling model of a small-caliber barrel incorporating external components and a chromium plating layer was established. The transient temperature and deformation fields under high-frequency thermal loads were analyzed via the 3D finite element method. The error between the simulation and experimental results is less than 11%
verifying the model’s accuracy.A prediction model for impact point deviation was developed
integrating variations in the gunsight elevation angle and muzzle deflection angle
and a thermal deflection calculation method for small-caliber rifles was proposed. Combining this method with the analysis results from the 3D thermo-mechanical coupling model
thermal deviations at a 100 m range were predicted
revealing a consistent upward shift of the impact point under hot-gun conditions. The validity of the proposed thermal deflection prediction method was confirmed through multiple firing accuracy tests. This research provides new theoretical support and technical approaches for optimizing firearm thermal design and improving firing accuracy.
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references
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