Design and Optimization of Electromagnetic Active Suspension Actuator Based on Asymmetric Ends

LIU Wei; DING Renkai; WANG Ruochen; SUN Yang; SUN Dong; DU Fu

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0618

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Design and Optimization of Electromagnetic Active Suspension Actuator Based on Asymmetric Ends

更新时间：2026-05-06

- Design and Optimization of Electromagnetic Active Suspension Actuator Based on Asymmetric Ends
- Acta Armamentarii Vol. 47, Issue 4, Pages: 250618(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院，江苏镇江 212013
  江苏大学汽车工程研究院，江苏镇江 212013
  中国北方车辆研究所槐树岭实验室，北京 100072
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.0618
  CLC： TM359.4
- Received：30 June 2025，
  
  Online First：25 December 2025，
  
  Published：2026-04
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
LIU Wei, DING Renkai, WANG Ruochen, et al. Design and Optimization of Electromagnetic Active Suspension Actuator Based on Asymmetric Ends[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(4): 250618.
DOI：

LIU Wei, DING Renkai, WANG Ruochen, et al. Design and Optimization of Electromagnetic Active Suspension Actuator Based on Asymmetric Ends[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(4): 250618. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0618.

摘要

为解决电磁主动悬架用直线电机式电磁作动器平均推力低、推力波动大的问题，提出一种具有非对称端部与辅助槽结构的新型永磁同步直线电机。基于1/4电磁主动悬架模型确定了电机的推力需求，对电机尺寸与结构进行了初步设计，并提出了非对称端部与辅助槽结构；构建直线电机有限元模型，进行参数敏感性分析，确定了对推力性能敏感的电机关键结构参数；分别构建平均推力响应面模型与推力波动Kriging代理模型，并利用改进的非支配排序遗传算法对关键结构参数进行优化；试制直线电机样机并进行了台架试验。试验结果表明：所提电机结构与参数优化方法是有效的。与初始结构相比，优化后的直线电机式电磁作动器的平均推力提升了37.9%，推力波动减小了73.9%，推力性能提升显著。此外，与被动悬架相比，应用该直线电机的电磁主动悬架使得车身加速度与悬架动行程的均方根值分别降低了19.1%与12.5%，车辆乘坐舒适性改善明显。

Abstract

A permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with asymmetric end and auxiliary slots is proposed to solve the problems of low average thrust and large thrust fluctuation of linear motor-type electromagnetic actuator for electromagnetic active suspension. The thrust requirement of the motor is determined based on the 1/4 electromagnetic active suspension model

the preliminary designs of the motor size and structure are made

and an asymmetric end and auxiliary slot structure is proposed. Subsequently

a linear motor finite element model is constructed

and a parameter sensitivity of motor is analyzed to determine the key structural parameters of the motor that are sensitive to the thrust performance. Then

a mean thrust response surface model and a thrust fluctuation Kriging agent model are constructed

and the key structural parameters are optimized using the NGSA-II algorithm. A linear motor prototype is manufactured for a bench test. The test results indicate that the proposed motor structure and parameter optimization method is effective. The average thrust of the optimized linear motor-type electromagnetic actuator is increased by 37.9%

and the thrust fluctuation is reduced by 73.9%

thus significantly improving the thrust performance of the actuator. Furthermore

compared to the passive suspension

this linear motor-based electromagnetic active suspension is used to reduce the root mean square (RMS) values of body acceleration and suspension rattle space by 19.1% and 12.5%

respectively

demonstrating a marked improvement in vehicle ride comfort.

关键词

Keywords

references

WANG C, CUI X X, ZHAO S J, et al. A deep reinforcement learning-based active suspension control algorithm considering deterministic experience tracing for autonomous vehicle [J]. Applied Soft Computing, 2024, 153:111259.

CHEN G L, DU G X, XIA J W, et al. Aperiodic sampled-data H ∞ control of vehicle active suspension system:an uncertain discretetime model approach [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2024, 20 (4): 6739-6750.

韦伟，李保佐，于松建.直线电机式主动悬架结构优化与控制仿真研究[J].振动与冲击，2024，43（20）：305-317.

WEI W, LI B Z, YU S J.Research on structure optimization and control simulation of linear motor active suspension [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43 (20): 305-317. (in Chinese)

寇发荣，武大鹏，许家楠，等.电磁混合主动悬架多模式协调切换控制[J].振动 .测试与诊断，2023，43（3）：467-475，617-618.

KOU F R, WU D P, XU J N, et al. Multi-mode coordinated switching control of electromagnetic hybrid active suspension [J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2023, 43 (3): 467-475, 617-618. (in Chinese)

DING R K, WANG R C, MENG X P, et al. Optimal design and experimental research on a new HEMA with energy reduction for vehicle suspension systems [J]. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 2023, 93 (1/2): 66-86.

寇发荣，李孟欣，贺嘉杰，等.基于能量分析的自供能式电磁混合悬架分层协调控制[J].振动与冲击，2023，42（12）：98-108.

KOU F R, LI M X, HE J J, et al. Layered coordinated control of self-powered electromagnetic hybrid suspension based on energy analysis [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2023, 42 (12): 98-108. (in Chinese)

HUANG X Z, YU H C, BO Z, et al. Detent-force minimization of double-sided permanent magnet linear synchronous motor by shifting one of the primary components [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2020, 67 (1): 180-191.

吴清乐，李文龙，徐凤杰，等.基于DP-TPMSLM原理的电磁复进机推力波动抑制[J].兵工学报，2025，46（7）：240800.

WU Q L, LI W L, XU F J, et al. Thrust fluctuation suppression of electromagnetic recuperator based on DPTPMSLM principle [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46 (7): 240800. (in Chinese)

WU L Z, LI Y X, LU Q F. Detent force fast optimization method of modular permanent-magnet linear synchronous motors [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2024, 71 (12): 16191-16199.

GUO P, LI Y J, LI Z L, et al. Pulsating magnetic field effect and detent force analysis of double-sided asymmetric primary staggered tooth permanent magnet linear synchronous motor [J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2025, 11 (1): 3514-3523.

HU H Z, LIU X D, ZHAO J, et al. Analysis and minimization of detent end force in linear permanent magnet synchronous machines [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018, 65 (3): 2475-2486.

JIANG Y, WANG R C, SUN D, et al. Hybrid damping control of magnetorheological semi-active suspension based on feedback linearization Kalman observer [J]. Meccanica, 2024, 59 (7): 1087-1102.

WANG G H, KOU F R. Optimization of dual-function suspension structures using particle swarm optimization approaches [J].International Journal of Applied Electro-magnetics & Mechanics, 2024, 75 (1): 19-37.

颜建虎，李彪，时岩，等.主动悬架用非均匀齿圆筒型永磁直线电机多目标分层优化设计[J].兵工学报，2023，44（1）：40-50.

YAN J H, LI B, SHI Y, et al. Multi-objective stratified optimization design of tubular permanent magnet linear motors with nonuniform teeth for active suspension [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44 (1): 40-50. (in Chinese)

李雄松，崔鹤松，胡纯福，等.平板型永磁直线同步电机推力特性的优化设计[J].电工技术学报，2021，36（5）：916-923.

LI X S, CUI H S, HU C F, et al. Optimal design of thrust characteristics of flat-type permanent magnet linear synchronous motor [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36 (5): 916-923. (in Chinese)

韩雪岩，祁坤，张哲，等.永磁同步直线电机磁阻力分析及抑制措施[J].电工技术学报，2015，30（6）：70-76.

HAN X Y, QI K, ZHANG Z, et al. Analysis and suppression measures of magnetic resistance force in permanent magnet linear synchronous motors [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30 (6): 70-76. (in Chinese)

王浩宇，李荣，张杰.初级分段不连续型直线电机定位力分析与参数优化[J].电机与控制应用，2024，51（5）：61-71.

WANG H Y, LI R, ZHANG J.Detent force analysis and parameter optimization of primary segmented discontinuous linear motor [J]. Electric Machines & Control Application, 2024, 51 (5): 61-71. (in Chinese)

DING R K, WANG P, LI A Z. et al. H ∞ control and experimental study of MR semi-active suspension with actuator response delay [J ] . Metrology and Measurement Systems, 2024, 31 (4): 797-812.

汪若尘，戴煜，丁仁凯，等.混合电磁悬架作动器设计与试验[J].农业机械学报，2019，50（5）：385-393.

WANG R C, DAI Y, DING R K, et al. Design and experiment on actuator for hybrid electromagnetic suspension [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50 (5): 385-393. (in Chinese)

庞辉，王明祥，王磊，等.基于事件触发的汽车主动悬架振动控制器设计[J].兵工学报，2024，45（8）：2698-2711.

PANG H, WANG M X, WANG L, et al. Design of event triggerbased vibration control for active suspension system [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45 (8): 2698-2711. (in Chinese)

SHAO X X, NAGHDY F, DU H P, et al. Coupling effect between road excitation and an in-wheel switched reluctance motor on vehicle ride comfort and active suspension control [J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2019, 443:683-702.

王思远.电磁主动悬架永磁同步直线电机设计与研究[D].北京：北京理工大学，2017.

WANG S Y.Design and research on tubular permanent magnet linear synchronous motor of electromagnetic active suspension [D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)

WANG R C, LIU W, DING R K, et al. Switching control of semiactive suspension based on road profile estimation [J]. International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility, 2022, 60 (6): 1972-1992.

Views

下载量

CNKI被引量

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Magnetic Field Analysis and Thrust Fluctuation Optimization of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor for Electromagnetic Launch

Mechanism and Optimization of the Shearing Process of Tracked Vehicle Grouser Units in Snow and Soil

Parameter Optimization of a Shell Elevating Device with Interval Uncertainties

Related Author

LIU Wei

DU Fu

SUN Dong

SUN Yang

WANG Ruochen

DING Renkai

Chuibing HUANG

Zhaolong SUN

Related Institution

School of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering

Institute of Advanced Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology

School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology

Harbin First Machinery Group Co. , Ltd.

Key Laboratory of Intelligent Unmanned System Technology

Postal code：100089
Tel：010-68963060/68962718 Fax：010-68963025 Email：bgxb@cos.org.cn
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 京ICP备05059581号-4 京公网安备11010802024360号
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
Total Visits：145228 Visits Today：1316

⁰