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周世琪 , 郭保全 , 朱家萱 , 等 . 两栖装甲车关键技术研究现状及发展趋势分析 [J ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 2 ): 89 - 94 ,102.

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钱林方 , 陈光宋 , 林通 , 等 . 车载炮底盘载荷分离设计技术 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 11 ): 2773 - 2784 .

QIAN L F , CHEN G S , LIN T , et al. Launch load separation design principle of truck-mounted howitzer chassis [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2022 , 43 ( 11 ): 2773 - 2784 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.0098 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2022.0098 Launch load transfer control is key to the lightweight and high maneuverability design of truck-mounted howitzers, and has always been a hot issue in the field of artillery research. To control launch load transfer, according to the configuration characteristics of truck-mounted howitzers, the presented work puts forward the basic principle of launch load separation design for chassis subjected to launch load, and constructs the constraint conditions for launch load separation. Based on the topological structure of a truck-mounted howitzer, its dynamic launch model is established, and the boundary conditions, the release coordination conditions as well as the constraint conditions are given. The correctness of the model is verified by comparing the calculation results and experimental data of the load and response of the key components in the launching process of the truck-mounted howitzer. In addition, through the analysis of the load on tires with different support structures and the firing stability, the results show that the load separation design for the truck-mounted howitzer can not only avoid the influence of the launch load on the chassis wheel bridge system, but also guarantee that the truck-mounted howitzer has the same reliability as the chassis. Moreover, the load separation design also plays a positive role in improving the performance of the truck-mounted howitzer, which verifies the effectiveness of the load separation principle and realizes the functional integration and performance decoupling design of the vehicle and the howitzer. The load separation design for truck-mounted howitzers realizes the requirements of a light chassis to bear the strong impact load from launch. It is an ideal method for highly mobile launch of long-range artillery.

李杰 , 贾长治 , 杜中华 . 车载火炮射击过程动态响应仿真与参数匹配优化 [J ] . 指挥控制与仿真 , 2019 , 41 ( 2 ): 109 - 114 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3819.2019.02.021 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-3819.2019.02.021 车载火炮射击静止性与射击稳定性作为车炮匹配性评价的重要指标,是进行车炮匹配问题研究的重要内容。在不同车、炮匹配条件下,车载火炮射击响应存在较大差异。基于ADAMS建立某A口径车载火炮装载B口径火炮的虚拟样机模型(B>A),应用Fortran语言编制用户自定义程序并进行仿真。应用ADAMS/Insight模块进行DOE设计,研究各结构参数的相对灵敏度,通过仿真分析获得车尾跳高与车尾侧移两个待优化目标以及备选优化参数序列。引入序列二次规划法对上述参数进行优化。根据优化结果,车尾跳高与车尾侧移分别降低30.6226%与50.8056%,优化效果较为明显,为车载火炮匹配性分析与优化奠定了基础。

LI J , JIA C Z , DU Z H , et al. Dynamic response simulation and parameter matching optimization of vehicle artillery firing process [J ] . Command Control & Simulation , 2019 , 41 ( 2 ): 109 - 114 . (in Chinese)

刘川 , 薛德庆 , 贾长治 . 轮式车载火炮火力与底盘系统匹配性能评估方法研究 [J ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2016 , 37 ( 3 ): 25 - 29 .

LIU C , XUE D Q , JIA C Z , et al. Research on the evaluation of the matching performance of the fire and the chassis system of the wheeled vehicle gun [J ] . Journal of Gun Launch & Control , 2016 , 37 ( 3 ):25- 29 (in Chinese)

罗中峰 , 管小荣 , 徐诚 . 某自行火炮底盘与火力系统匹配研究 [J ] . 火力与指挥控制 , 2019 , 44 ( 6 ): 41 - 47 .

LUO Z F , GUAN X R , XU C , et al. Study on the match between the chassis and the fire systemof a self-propelled gun [J ] . Fire Control & Command Control , 2019 , 44 ( 6 ): 41 - 47 . (in Chinese)

REN C , GAO H , SHAN C L , et al. Research on artillery dynamic simulation design based on electronic template [C ] //Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Mechanical System Dynamics.Beach Road,Gateway East, Singapore:Springer , 2024 : 4101 - 4114 .

赵书彬 , 徐诚 , 蒋弘毅 , 等 . 模块化枪族智能化辅助设计策略与方法 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2021 , 42 ( 4 ): 723 - 733 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.04.006 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.04.006 枪族的模块化、智能化设计是当今国内外枪械设计的热点。根据枪族设计特点建立基于知识的计算机辅助设计流程，提出一种基于模块化的枪族智能辅助设计策略与方法。针对枪族设计领域不同类型的知识，采用统一的面向对象知识表示，在枪族定义阶段和模块设计阶段求解中分别运用基于知识模板、机器学习和混合推理的策略。具体地，采用模块划分知识模板引导枪族模块化设计，利用基于随机森林的回归算法完成枪族系列主参数的估算；采用基于注意力机制的双向编码器模型的枪械知识问答系统和基于实例推理、设计规则与计算交叉推理的混合推理模式辅助设计者完成枪械各模块详细设计。完成了软件原型系统的构建，进行了5.8 mm/7.62 mm口径模块化枪族的设计，结果证明了该方法的有效性。

ZHAO S B , XU C , JIANG H Y , et al. The strategy and method of intelligent computer-aided design for modular gun family [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2021 , 42 ( 4 ): 723 - 733 . (in Chinese). DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.04.006 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.04.006 The modular and intelligent design of gun family is the state of the art. Based on the design characteristics of gun family,a knowledge-based computer-aided design process is established, and a modularization-based intelligent design method is proposed. An unified object-oriented knowledge representation is adopted for different types of knowledge in the gun family design, and the strategies based on knowledge template, machine learning, and mixed reasoning are used in the solution of the gun family definition stage and the module design stage. Specifically, the knowledge template of module division is used to guide the modular design of the gun family, and the Random-Forest-based regression algorithm is used to estimate the main parameters of the gun family. A question-answering system based on the bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT) model and a mixed reasoning mode based on case-based reasoning and cross reasoning of design rules and calculation are used to assist in completing the detailed design of each module. Accordingly, a software prototype system is constructed, and 5.8 mm/7.62 mm modular gun family is designed. The results have proved the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

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马浩 , 马江飞 , 黄瑞刚 , 等 . 新型全自动补弹系统设计 [J ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 4 ): 57 - 62 .

MA H , MA J F , HUANG R G , et al. Design of a new fully automatic projectile reloading system [J ] . Journal of Gun Launch & Control , 2022 , 43 ( 4 ): 57 - 62 . (in Chinese)

柴浩栋 . 发射装药发射安全性参数优化设计及仿真模块研究 [D ] . 南京 : 南京理工大学 , 2023 .

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杜甫 , 董明明 , 汪浒江 , 等 . 基于准零刚度的坦克装甲车辆半主动惯容悬架控制策略 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 2929 - 2935 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.1054 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2023.1054 为了提高坦克装甲车辆悬架系统的减振性能,提出“惯容-弹簧”准零刚度的基本架构,以惯容、弹簧、阻尼三元件并联作为悬架构型,对惯容连续控制和惯容开关控制两种方案进行动力学仿真和参数优化。研究结果表明:采用准零刚度控制策略后,车体振动加速度大幅度减小,乘坐舒适性改善明显,同时降低了对阻尼系数的需求,提升了减振效率。通过分析悬架减振过程中各元件的瞬时功率,发现可变惯容起能量补偿作用,使一部分振动能量在弹簧和惯容之间反复动态地传递和转换,突破了弹簧缓冲储能、阻尼生热耗能的传统减振机理,达到了更好的减振效能。

DU F , DONG M M , WANG H J , et al. Semi-active inertial suspension control strategy for tanks and armored vehicles based on quasi-zero stiffness [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 2929 - 2935 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.1054 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2023.1054 In order to improve the damping performances of suspension systems for tank and armored vehicle, a basic structure with"inerter-spring” quasi-zero.pngfness is proposed. Dynamic simulation and parameter optimization of inerter continuous control and inerter on-off control are carried out with the parallel structure of inerter, spring and damper as suspension system. The results show that the vibration acceleration of vechile body is greatly reduced and the ride comfort is obviously improved with the quasi-zero.pngfness control strategy. At the same time, the damping coefficient is reduced and the damping efficiency is improved. By analyzing the instantaneous power of each component in the process of suspension damping, it is found that the controllable inerter plays an role in energy compensation so that a part of the vibration energy can be transferred and converted dynamically and repeatedly between the spring and inerter, breaking through the traditional damping mechanism of spring buffer energy storage and damping heat generation energy consumption, and achieving better damping efficiency.

徐国英 , 姚新民 , 王涛 , 等 . 履带车辆悬挂系统结构与性能分析 [M ] . 北京 : 电子工业出版社 , 2017 .

XU G Y , YAO X M , WANG T , et al. Structure and performance analysis of tracked vehicle suspension system [M ] . Beijing : Electronic Industry Press , 2017 . (in Chinese)

肖攀 , 郑国峰 , 林鑫 . 射击工况下车载榴弹炮底盘疲劳分析与结构强化 [J ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2020 , 41 ( 2 ): 13 - 18 .

XIAO P , ZHENG G F , LIN X . The fatigue analysis and structural strengthening of the truck-mounted howitzer chassis based on the firing condition [J ] . Journal of Gun Launch & Control , 2020 , 41 ( 2 ): 13 - 18 . (in Chinese)

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周利兰 , 张乐乐 . 两栖车航行阻力特性的数值研究 [J ] . 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版) , 2021 , 49 ( 12 ): 133 - 142 . DOI: 10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.200719 http://doi.org/10.12141/j.issn.1000-565X.200719 针对高速两栖车水上航行阻力特性问题，采用基于雷诺平均方程的有限体积法对静水中高速两栖车的阻力及航态进行了数值模拟。通过不同网格密度的阻力比较，对网格收敛性进行了讨论；通过与模型试验结果的对比，对文中采用的数值计算方法进行了验证。另外，结合叠模计算结果对两栖车的各阻力成分进行了分析。在此基础上，计算分析了带开口的两栖车模型的阻力及航态变化。结果表明：处于过渡阶段的两栖车，其兴波阻力占总阻力的比例随航速增加而增加（最高可达到60%以上），黏压阻力占比30%~40%，摩擦阻力占比小于10%；增加开口后两栖车的阻力增加，在Fr▽=1.297时阻力增大约11%，车体下沉深度增大约5%；与无开口状态相比，有开口两栖车的各个阻力成分的占比发生变化，兴波阻力占比减少，而黏压阻力占比增加。

ZHOU L L , ZHANG L L . Numerical study on the navigation resistance characteristics of amphibious vehicles [J ] . Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition) , 2021 , 49 ( 12 ): 133 - 142 . (in Chinese)

单春来 , 刘朋科 , 古斌 , 等 . 多级优化算法在火炮总体结构设计中的应用 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 1 ): 11 - 19 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.002 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.002 随着现代战争模式对武器装备性能要求不断提高，需要新的设计方法以实现火炮总体结构参数最优设计，为此提出一种能够综合考虑各方面性能的火炮总体结构优化设计方法。建立火炮多体动力学的参数化模型，基于最优拉丁超立方试验设计方法得到设计参数的灵敏度和大量的输入-输出数据，由各参数的灵敏度合理计算不同射击工况及不同评价指标下的权重值，由输入- 输出数据结合神经网络算法构建近似函数。搭建多级优化算法模型，计算收敛后即可得到火炮的最优设计方案。结果表明：与初始方案相比，优化后的设计方案稳定性有明显提高，评价指标平均改善22.27%；该方法从发射动力学角度可为火炮总体结构最优设计提供参考。

SHAN C L , LIU P K , GU B , et al. Application of multilevel optimization algorithm in artillery integrated design [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2022 , 43 ( 1 ): 11 - 19 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.002 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.002 The weapons and equipment are required to have high-mobilility，high-precision，long-range and lightweight in modern warfare. A noverall optimization design method is presented，in which the all aspects of performance of artillery are comprehensively considered. A parametric model of artillery is established，the sensitivity coefficients are calculated using the optimal Latin hypercube experimental design，and a large number of input-output data can be obtained at the same time. The weight values under different firing conditions and different evaluation indexes are calculated from the sensitivity coefficients，and the approximate functions are constructed based on input-output data.A multilevel optimization algorithm is set up based on these results above，and an optimal design scheme would be obtained after the algorithm convergence. The result shows that the evaluation indexes of the optimal design scheme are averagely increased by 22.27%，which is obviously improved compared with the initial design scheme.

BRADY M R , GOETHALS P . A comparative analysis of contemporary 155mm artillery projectiles [J ] . Journal of Defense Analytics and Logistics , 2019 , 3 ( 2 ): 171 - 192 .

单春来 , 石春明 , 刘欢 , 等 . 某轻量化大口径自行火炮车尾驻锄正向设计研究 [J ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2021 , 42 ( 2 ): 9 - 15 .

SHAN C L , SHI C M , LIU H , et al. Research on forward design of a spade for lightweight large caliber self-propelled artillery [J ] . Journal of Gun Launch & Control , 2021 , 42 ( 2 ): 9 - 15 . (in Chinese)

崔青春 , 宁变芳 , 林文琦 , 等 . 某两栖火炮水上发射稳定性仿真及试验研究 [J ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 4 ): 51 - 55 .

CUI Q C , NING B F , LIN W Q , et al. Simulation and experimental research on the water launch stability of an amphibious gun [J ] . Journal of Gun Launch & Control , 2023 , 44 ( 4 ):51- 55 (in Chinese)

江腾耀 , 李伟 , 雷昱 , 等 . 自行高炮稳定跟踪系统建模与谐振抑制方法 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 3029 - 3043 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0685 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2023.0685 未来战场的高机动作战环境对自行高炮稳定跟踪系统提出了更高的性能要求,根据自行高炮稳定跟踪系统的机械结构特点,应用动量矩定理及矢量求导,基于牛顿-欧拉方法建立描述伺服电机配以减速机驱动方位炮塔和俯仰身管的多刚体动力学模型。通过对动力学模型的进一步分解,得到方位俯仰姿态角与输入力矩的关系式。综合考虑传动机构的刚度和控制对象的变惯量特性,建立载体运动姿态耦合条件下具有复杂动载荷力矩干扰的双轴稳定跟踪系统控制模型。针对结构谐振设计一种基于极点配置法和变增益加速度反馈的自整定PI控制方法与基于观测等效惯量的自整定陷波器,采用大地坐标系下的等效闭环干扰速率补偿式稳定控制策略,对该控制方法进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明:在传动机构存在连接弹性的条件下,所给出的控制方法实现了稳定误差不大于2.2×10^-2mrad、正弦稳定跟踪误差不大于3.5×10^-2mrad,具有良好的控制精度和抗扰动性能;在保证系统拥有较快响应速度的同时,有效抑制了伺服电机变速和稳态过程中的机械谐振,显著降低了负载力矩振荡和负载有效转矩值。

JIANG T Y , LI W , LEI Y , et al. Modeling and resonance suppression method for stabilizing-tracking system of self-propelled anti-aircraft gun [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2024 , 45 ( 9 ): 3029 - 3043 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0685 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2023.0685 The high-mobility combat environment of future battlefields imposes higher performance requ irements for the stabilizing-tracking system of self-propelled anti-aircraft gun. According to the mechanical structure characteristics of stabilizing-tracking system of self-propelled anti-aircraft gun, a multi-rigid body dynamics model describing the azimuth turret and pitching barrel driven by servo motor and reducer is established based on Newton-Euler method by applying the theorem of moment of momentum and the vector derivation. The relationship between the azimuth and elevation attitude angle and the input torque is obtained through the decomposition of the dynamics model. Considering the.pngfness of transmission mechanism and the variable inertia characteristics of control object, a control model of two-axis stabilizing-tracking system with complex dynamic load torque interference under the condition of the motion and attitude coupling of carrier is established. For structural resonance, a self-tuning PI control method based on pole placement and variable gain acceleration feedback and a self-tuning notch filter based on observation equivalent inertia are designed. Finally, the equivalent closed-loop disturbance rate compensation stabilizing control strategy in geodetic coordinate system is used to verify the proposed control method. The simulated results show that the stability error of the proposed control method is less than 2.2×10 -2 mrad, its sinusoidal stabilizing-tracking error is not greater than 3.5×10 -2 mrad under the condition of elastic transmission and no-backlash. While ensuring the fast response speed of the system, the mechanical resonance of servo motor during variable speed and steady-state process is effectively suppressed, and the load torque oscillation and load effective torque value are significantly reduced.