A Method for Detecting the Camouflaged Small Target in Complex Scene Using Airborne Polarization Remote Sensing

Ying SHEN; Shuo ZHANG; Shu WANG; Yun SU; Fang XUE; Feng HUANG

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0797

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A Method for Detecting the Camouflaged Small Target in Complex Scene Using Airborne Polarization Remote Sensing

更新时间：2025-09-05

- A Method for Detecting the Camouflaged Small Target in Complex Scene Using Airborne Polarization Remote Sensing
- Acta Armamentarii Vol. 46, Issue 7, Pages: 240797(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 福州大学机械工程及自动化学院, 福建福州 350108
  2. 北京空间机电研究所, 北京 100094
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2024.0797
  CLC：
- Received：04 September 2024，
  
  Published Online：12 August 2025，
  
  Published：31 July 2025
- 稿件说明：
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Ying SHEN, Shuo ZHANG, Shu WANG, et al. A Method for Detecting the Camouflaged Small Target in Complex Scene Using Airborne Polarization Remote Sensing[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(7): 240797.
DOI：

Ying SHEN, Shuo ZHANG, Shu WANG, et al. A Method for Detecting the Camouflaged Small Target in Complex Scene Using Airborne Polarization Remote Sensing[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(7): 240797. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2024.0797.

摘要

无人机遥感探测在军事侦察领域发挥着重要作用

偏振探测利用偏振光与物体相互作用产生的偏振变化来提高目标对比度。然而在复杂场景下

伪装小目标与背景特征差异较小且空间信息不足

存在检测困难的问题。为此提出一种偏振伪装小目标检测算法(Polarization Camouflaged Small Object Detection-YOLO

PCSOD-YOLO)

设计了高效层注意力模块-坐标注意力特征提取模块和空间金字塔池化跨阶段局部通道-3D权重注意力感受野模块

捕获目标的偏振特征和语义信息

增强上下文信息理解能力;设计了动态小目标检测头

通过动态卷积增强对小目标特征提取能力的同时

利用不同尺度的特征信息

联合多通道特征信息输出小目标检测结果。构建伪装小目标偏振图像数据集(Polarization Image of Camouflaged Small Objects

PICSO)。在PICSO数据集上的实验表明

所提出的方法可以有效检测伪装小目标

mAP

0.5

达到92.4%

mAP

0.5:0.95

达到47.8%

检测速率达到60.6帧/s

满足实时性要求。

Abstract

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing detection plays an important role in military reconnaissance

and the polarization detection is to utilize the polarization changes generated by the interaction between polarized light and target to improve the target contrast.However

in complex scenes

the small targets are less distinguishable from the background due to their similar features and the insufficient spatial information

resulting in difficulties in detection.To this end

a polarization camouflaged small object detection (PCSOD)-YOLO algorithm is proposed

and an efficient layer attention module-coordinated attention (ELAM-CA) and a spatial pyramid pooling cross stage partial channel-3D weights attention (SPPCSPC-3DWA) module are designed to capture the polarization features and semantic information of target

enhancing the ability to understand the contextual information.A dynamic small target detection head is designed to enhance the ability to extract the features of small targets through dynamic convolution

and the detected results of small target are outputted using the feature information from different scales and the multi-channel feature information.A polarization image of camouflaged small objects (PICSO) dataset is construc

ted for the camouflaged small target polarization images.Experiments on the PICSO dataset show that the proposed method can effectively detect the camouflaged small targets

with

mAP

0.5

and

mAP

0.5:0.95

reaching 92.4% and 47.8%

respectively.The detection rate reaches 60.6 frames per second

meeting the real-time requirements.

关键词

Keywords

references

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