单春来 , 刘朋科 , 古斌 , 等 . 多级优化算法在火炮总体结构设计中的应用 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 1 ): 11 - 19 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.002 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.002 随着现代战争模式对武器装备性能要求不断提高，需要新的设计方法以实现火炮总体结构参数最优设计，为此提出一种能够综合考虑各方面性能的火炮总体结构优化设计方法。建立火炮多体动力学的参数化模型，基于最优拉丁超立方试验设计方法得到设计参数的灵敏度和大量的输入-输出数据，由各参数的灵敏度合理计算不同射击工况及不同评价指标下的权重值，由输入- 输出数据结合神经网络算法构建近似函数。搭建多级优化算法模型，计算收敛后即可得到火炮的最优设计方案。结果表明：与初始方案相比，优化后的设计方案稳定性有明显提高，评价指标平均改善22.27%；该方法从发射动力学角度可为火炮总体结构最优设计提供参考。

SHAN C L , LIU P K , GU B , et al. Application of multilevel optimization algorithm in artillery integrated design [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2022 , 43 ( 1 ): 11 - 19 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.002 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2022.01.002 The weapons and equipment are required to have high-mobilility，high-precision，long-range and lightweight in modern warfare. A noverall optimization design method is presented，in which the all aspects of performance of artillery are comprehensively considered. A parametric model of artillery is established，the sensitivity coefficients are calculated using the optimal Latin hypercube experimental design，and a large number of input-output data can be obtained at the same time. The weight values under different firing conditions and different evaluation indexes are calculated from the sensitivity coefficients，and the approximate functions are constructed based on input-output data.A multilevel optimization algorithm is set up based on these results above，and an optimal design scheme would be obtained after the algorithm convergence. The result shows that the evaluation indexes of the optimal design scheme are averagely increased by 22.27%，which is obviously improved compared with the initial design scheme.

SANGGUK J . A study on how to strengthen the firepower of next-generation self-propelled howitzer in preparation for future warfare [J ] . Journal of the Korea Association of Defense Industry Studies , 2022 , 29 ( 3 ): 63 - 73 .

FASUN G , PREDAN J , GUBELJAK N . A fracture-mechanics-based approach to the analysis of the structural integrity of a howitzer cannon barrel [J ] . Transactions of Famena , 2024 , 48 ( 3 ): 37 - 52 .

FASUN G , CHAPETTI M D , GUBELJAK N . Fatigue integrity analysis of a howitzer cannon by using a fracture mechanics approach [J ] . Engineering Fracture Mechanics ,202,292:109672.

毛保全 , 赵其进 , 白向华 , 等 . 火炮身管延寿技术研究现状与展望 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 3 ): 638 - 654 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0787 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0787 火炮身管延寿难题长期制约着其综合性能的进一步提升和作战效能的持续发挥，延长身管使用寿命成为现代化及未来战场的迫切需求。通过概括影响火炮身管寿命的主要因素，从改进发射药、身管内膛表面处理、优化弹丸和膛线设计、炮钢材料改进、磁控等离子体抗烧蚀技术等方面阐述当前用于火炮身管延寿的主要技术措施，总结相关技术的国内外研究进展，并分析国内在上述技术领域存在的短板。从明晰火炮身管内膛壁面的烧蚀磨损规律，遴选可行延寿方法并多措并举开展科研攻关以及探索并发展磁控等离子体抗烧蚀新技术等方面展望我国在火炮身管延寿领域未来的发展方向。研究成果可为发展火炮身管常规延寿技术提供思路，并为探索新型延寿技术提供启发，进而可为延长身管使用寿命、提升火炮作战效能提供参考和借鉴。

MAO B Q , ZHAO Q J , BAI X H , et al. Review and prospect of life extension technology for gun barrels [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2023 , 44 ( 3 ): 638 - 654 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0787 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0787 The challenge of extending barrel life has restricted the improvement of the performance and combat effectiveness of guns for a long time. Therefore, extending the service life of gun barrels has become the urgent need for modernization and future battlefields. First, the main factors affecting gun barrel life are summarized. Then the domestic and foreign technical methods for barrel service life extension are introduced, including propellant improvement, surface treatment of the barrel bore, optimization of projectile and rifling design, gun steel improvement, and anti-ablation technology based on magnetron plasma. Moreover, research progress of relevant technologies at home and abroad is summarized, and the shortcomings in these technical fields in China are analyzed. Finally, this study gives the prospects of the future development direction in the field of barrel life extension from the aspects of clarifying the ablation and wear laws of the barrel bore, selecting feasible life extension methods, and taking multiple measures to conduct key research, and exploring and developing the anti-ablation technology based on magnetron plasma. This study provides ideas for the development of conventional barrel life extension technology and insights into new life extension technologies, thus improving the combat effectiveness of weapons.

OUYANG Q , HU H S , ZHAO W , et al. Feasibility analysis of magnetorheological absorber in recoil systems:fixed and field artillery [J ] . Frontiers in Materials , 2020 ,7:254.

刘遵飞 , 邹波 , 陈续麟 , 等 . 有人与无人联合作战模式下的装备体系结构建模与效能评估 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 增刊1 ): 155 - 161 .

LIU Z F , ZOU B , CHEN X L , et al. Architecture modeling and effectiveness evaluation of equipment system under manned and unmanned joint operation mode [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2022 , 43 ( S1 ): 155 - 161 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.A027 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2022.A027 As the application of information technology in military becomes rounded and in-depth，future operations are developing towards intelligent and joint operations，and show multiple complexity. Department of Defense architecture framework is utilized to model the equipment system under joint operation mode in multi-views. Then the effectiveness of equipment system is simulated and evaluated on the basis of observation，orientation，decision and action operation loop model. The results show that the proposed method has the capability of reflecting the essence of operation under the conditions of informatization，offering theoretical support to the optimization of equipment system. Moreover，it provides quantificational support in theory and information-link orientation for commanding joint operation andwinning wars under informationizatoin conditions.

陈登 , 陈楚湘 , 周春华 . 基于OODA环的杀伤网节点重要性评估 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2024 , 45 ( 2 ): 363 - 372 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.0623 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2022.0623 基于网络信息体系的联合作战中,破坏敌杀伤网、降效敌杀伤体系作战效能,要求能够识别敌杀伤网中关键节点。基于OODA环理论及杀伤链概念建模,利用节点删除法,通过网络作战能力及网络循环效率两项指标的下降程度评估杀伤网节点的重要性,克服传统评估方法在指标计算中存在冗余的问题,提高评估精度。采用该方法评估某作战演练中敌方杀伤网节点的重要性,精准识别指挥决策节点的枢纽作用,验证方法的有效性,并对杀伤网节点的重要性进行评估排序,为选择进攻要点提供依据。

CHEN D , CHEN C X , ZHOU C H . Importance evaluation of kill network nodes based on OODA loop [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2024 , 45 ( 2 ): 363 - 372 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.0623 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2022.0623 In joint operations based on the network information system, paralyzing the enemy kill network and reducingthe operational effectiveness of enemy kill system requires the ability to identify the key nodes in the enemy kill networks. Kill network modeling based on OODA loop theory and kill chain operational concept, this paper uses the node deletion method to evaluate the importance of kill network nodes through the decline degree of network operational capability and network cycle efficiency, so as to overcome the problem of redundancy in the index calculation of traditional evaluation methods and improve the evaluation accuracy. This method is used to evaluate the importance of enemy kill network nodes in the operation drill, which accurately identifies the pivotal role of command and decision nodes to verify the effectiveness of the method, and which evaluates and ranks the importance of kill network nodes to provide a basis for selecting attack nodes.

WU X Y , CHEN R X . Joint operation rules considering the uncertainty of energy available for multiple cascaded hydropower system [J ] . Journal of the American Water Resources Association , 2023 , 59 ( 1 ): 71 - 85 .

钱林方 , 陈光宋 , 陈军华 , 等 . 火炮自动装填系统协调器定位精度可靠性分析 [J ] . 中国科学:技术科学 , 2023 ,53: 1533 - 1544 .

QIAN L F , CHEN G S , CHEN J H , et al. Analysis of the positioning reliability of the mechanism of artillery automatic loading system [J ] . Science China Technological Sciences , 2023 ,53: 1533 - 1544 . (in Chinese)

范天峰 , 崔青春 , 田亚锋 , 等 . 一种迫弹自动装填的新型结构技术研究 [J ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2014 , 35 ( 3 ): 54 - 57 .

FAN T F , CUI Q C , TIAN Y F , et al. Research on new structure technology of mortor projectile automatic loading [J ] . Journal of Gun Launch & Control , 2014 , 35 ( 3 ): 54 - 57 . (in Chinese)

TONG N C , WU X F , LIU Q M . Interval multi-objective optimization design for dispersion of projectile landing points [J ] . Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering , 2022 , 43 ( 11 ): 202 - 213 .

REZAEI H , RAHIMI M , OVAYSI S . Computational fluid dynamics modeling of heat transfer and condensation in a modified Laval nozzle [J ] . Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer , 2022 , 36 ( 3 ): 667 - 675 .

王猛 , 崔青春 , 王奇 , 等 . 双剪切模式尾架前抛技术与分析 [J/OL ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2024 , 1 - 7 .DOI: 10.19323/j.issn.1673-6524.202401012 https://dx.doi.org/10.19323/j.issn.1673-6524.202401012

WANG M , CUI Q C , WANG Q , et al. Technology and analysis of tailstock forward-throwing based on double shear mode [J/OL ] . Journal of Gun Launch & Control , 2024 , 1 - 7 .DOI: 10.19323/j.issn.1673-6524.202401012 https://dx.doi.org/10.19323/j.issn.1673-6524.202401012 (in Chinese)

WANG C P , XIN Z P . Smooth transonic flows of meyer type in de Laval nozzles [J ] . Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis , 2019 , 232 ( 3 ): 1597 - 1647 . DOI: 10.1007/s00205-018-01350-9 http://doi.org/10.1007/s00205-018-01350-9 A smooth transonic flow problem is formulated as follows: for a de Laval nozzle, one looks for a smooth transonic flow of Meyer type whose sonic points are all exceptional and whose flow angle at the inlet is prescribed. If such a flow exists, its sonic curve must be located at the throat of the nozzle and the nozzle should be suitably flat at its throat. The flow is governed by a quasilinear elliptic-hyperbolic mixed type equation and it is strongly degenerate at the sonic curve in the sense that all characteristics from the sonic points coincide with the sonic curve and never approach the supersonic region. For a suitably flat de Laval nozzle, the existence of a local subsonic-sonic flow in the convergent part and a local sonic-supersonic flow in the divergent part is proved by some elaborate elliptic and hyperbolic estimates. The precise asymptotic behavior of these two flows near the sonic state is shown and they can be connected to a smooth transonic flow whose acceleration is Lipschitz continuous. The flow is also shown to be unique by an elaborate energy estimate. Moreover, we give a set of infinitely long de Laval nozzles, such that each nozzle admits uniquely a global smooth transonic flow of Meyer type whose sonic points are all exceptional, while the same result does not hold for smooth transonic flows of Meyer type with nonexceptional points.

ZHANG Y S , LU J Y , TAN S , et al. Dynamic response of interior ballistic process and rail stress in electromagnetic rail launcher [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science , 2019 , 47 ( 5 ): 2172 - 2178 .

XU F J , YANG G L , WANG L Q , et al. Interval uncertain optimization for interior ballistics based on Chebyshev surrogate model and affine arithmetic [J ] . Engineering Optimization , 2021 , 53 ( 8 ): 1331 - 1348 .

BENCOMO M J , CHAN J S . Discrete adjoint computations for relaxation Runge-Kutta methods [J ] . Journal of Scientific Computing , 2023 , 94 ( 3 ): 59 .

LOZANO C . Entropy production by implicit Runge-Kutta schemes [J ] . Journal of Scientific Computing , 2019 , 79 ( 3 ): 1832 - 1853 . DOI: 10.1007/s10915-019-00914-5 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10915-019-00914-5 This paper follows up on the author's recent paper Entropy Production by Explicit Runge-Kutta schemes (Lozano in J Sci Comput 76(1):521-564, 2018. 10.1007/s10915-017-0627-0), where a formula for the production of entropy by fully discrete schemes with explicit Runge-Kutta time integrators was presented. In this paper, the focus is on implicit Runge-Kutta schemes, for which the fully discrete numerical entropy evolution scheme is derived and tested.

ZHANG C X , ZHAO Y Q , FENG S L , et al. Radial stiffness analysis of circular ring with uncertain boundary conditions:mechanical elastic wheel as an example [J ] . Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C-Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science , 2022 , 236 ( 8 ): 4299 - 4312 .

DENG S G , KEN T C , WANG J , et al. Interior ballistics analysis of shotgun using discrete element method [J ] . Finite Elements in Anal t - p curve of Analysis and Design , 2022 , 201 ( 8 ): 103698 .