李亚飞 , 吴庆顺 , 徐明亮 , 等 . 基于强化学习的舰载机保障作业实时调度方法 [J ] . 中国科学:信息科学 , 2021 , 51 ( 2 ): 247 - 262 .

LI Y F , WU Q S , XU M L , et al. Real-time scheduling for carrier-borne aircraft support operations: a reinforcement learning approach [J ] . Scientia Sinica (Informationis) , 2021 , 51 ( 2 ): 247 - 262 . (in Chinese)

张少辉 , 刘舜 , 李亚飞 , 等 . 航空母舰舰载机弹药保障作业调度优化算法 [J ] . 航空学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 20 ): 228485 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28485 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28485 针对航空母舰舰载机弹药保障作业高动态、多阶段特性，将柔性流水车间调度方法和群体智能优化理论相结合，提出一种面向舰载机弹药保障作业的调度优化算法。提出将复杂的弹药保障作业调度问题抽象规约为一类考虑工件交货期的柔性流水车间调度问题，引入启发式规则，构建兼顾高效性和可靠性实战要求的弹药保障作业调度数学模型ATSCA。结合弹药保障作业问题特征，设计提出一种基于双层整数编码的贪婪局部搜索遗传算法（GLSGA-DC），改进操作算子和局部搜索算法设计，以最小化弹药保障完成时间为目标对保障模型进行求解。多组仿真结果表明，相比于同类算法，GLSGA-DC算法在Benchmark基准算例和实际弹药转运实例实验中均取得优秀的效果，在求解均值（AVG）、相对偏差（RD）等指标方面均明显占优，验证了ATSCA模型和求解算法在实际弹药保障任务中的有效性和鲁棒性。

ZHANG S H , LIU S , LI Y F , et al. Optimization algorithm for ammunition support operation scheduling of carrier-borne aircraft [J ] . Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2023 , 44 ( 20 ): 228485 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28485 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28485 Considering the highly dynamic and multi-stage characteristics of carrier-based aircraft ammunition support operations， we establish an optimization model based on the theory of swarm intelligence optimization and the method of flexible flow-shop scheduling. Firstly， the ammunition transfer support operation problem is reduced to a flexible flow-shop scheduling problem considering the delivery time of work-pieces， and heuristic rules are introduced to construct the model of Ammunition Transport Support for Carrier-Borne Aircraft （ATSCA）， which takes into account the requirements of efficiency and robustness. Secondly， combined with the practice of ammunition dispatching operation， a Greedy Local Search Genetic Algorithm with Dual-Level Coding （GLSGA-DC） is designed to solve the ATSCA model with the goal of minimizing the maximum ammunition transfer time. The simulation results show that the GLSGA-DC algorithm has obtained the optimal values in the Mean Value （AVG）， Relative Deviation （RD） and other indicators in benchmark tests and multiple groups of experiments in real ammunition transfer operations， demonstrating the effectiveness and robustness of the ATSCA model and algorithm in real ammunition support operations for carrier-borne aircraft.

苏析超 , 伍恒 , 崔荣伟 , 等 . 基于边际-人工蜂群算法的舰载机机群出动保障人员配置-调度联合优化方法 [J ] . 北京航空航天大学学报 , 2020 , 46 ( 11 ): 2056 - 2068 .

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JIM D . Navy air: taking the ouija board out of flight operations [J/OL ] . Strategy Page ( 2011-08-12 ) [ 2024-05-26 ] . http://www.strategypage.com/htmw http://www.strategypage.com/htmw http://www.strategypage.com/htmw.

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RYAN J C , CUMMINGS M L , ROY N , et al. Designing an interactive local and global decision support system for aircraft carrier deck scheduling [J ] . Proceedings of the AIAA Information Technology , 2011 .DOI: 10.2514/6.2011-1516 https://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-1516 .

刘东 , 吴家仁 , 周一舟 , 等 . 舰载机综合保障技术实践及发展展望 [J ] . 航空学报 , 2021 , 42 ( 8 ): 525802 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25802 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25802 随着舰载机批量服役，中国突破了舰载机研制关键技术，但由于舰载机机型种类多，保障工作复杂且强度大，加之舰基空间及资源有限、保障压力大，舰载机面临着舰面保障规模大等难题，为此开展了舰载机多机种综合保障技术实践。本文较为全面地总结了舰载机研制采用的保障一体化论证方法、基于模型的可靠性/安全性分析方法、面向机舰适配维修性设计、腐蚀防护与控制、岸舰一体通用化保障系统研制等工程实践做法。结合对新作战概念、保障发展需求研究，展望了新一代舰载机保障模式，提出了一种从"保障战斗力"跨越到"释放战斗力"的新保障概念和保障模式。

LIU D , WU J R , ZHOU Y Z , et al. Practice and prospects of comprehensive support technologies of carrier-based aircraft [J ] . Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2021 , 42 ( 8 ): 525802 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25802 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2021.25802 With large-scale service of carrier-based aircrafts, China has broken through the key technologies of carrier-based aircraft development. However, variety of types of carrier-based aircrafts generally leads to complexity and heavy intensity of the security work, and limited carrier-based space and resources also cause heavy security pressure. Therefore, technologies for comprehensive security of multiple types of carrier-based aircrafts have been developed. This paper gives a comprehensive summary of related engineering practice in China, including the integrated guarantee demonstration method, reliability and security analysis of model-based system engineering, maintainability design, corrosion protection and control, and development of integrated shore-ship guarantee system. Based on the research on the new combat concepts and requirements for guarantee development at home and abroad, the new generation guarantee mode for the carrier-based aircraft is discussed, proposing a new concept and mode of guarantee that transits from "guaranteeing combat effectiveness" to "releasing combat effectiveness".

吴勇 , 潘星 , 康锐 , 等 . 基于图示评审技术的舰载机航空保障时间分析 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2013 , 34 ( 12 ): 1611 - 1615 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.12.018 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.12.018 为了解决舰载机航空保障活动逻辑关系和时间的不确定性问题，在对舰载机航空保障作业流程分析的基础上，建立了一种基于随机网络的保障流程模型。利用图示评审技术（GERT）对保障时间进行求解，并给出了求解步骤。结合案例验证了模型算法有效性和适用性。通过模型的灵敏度参数分析，提出了对航空保障作业的决策建议。

WU Y , PAN X , KANG R , et al. Aircraft support process time analysis based on graphic evaluation and review technique [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2013 , 34 ( 12 ): 1611 - 1615 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.12.018 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2013.12.018 To deal with the uncertainty problem about the logical relationship and time of aircraft support activities, a support process model based on random network is built by analyzing the aircraft support operating process. The support operating time is solved by graphical evaluation and review technique (GERT), and the solution steps are given. A support process example is studied to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed methodology. According to sensitivity parameter analysis, the corresponding suggestions on aircraft support operations are presented.

金钊 , 金璐 , 张博闻 , 等 . 舰载机弹药保障作业调度的形式化建模与验证 [J ] . 软件学报 , 2024 , 35 ( 9 ): 1 - 23 .

JIN Z , JIN L , ZHANG B W , et al. Formal modeling and verification of carrier-borne aircraft ammunition support operation scheduling [J ] . Journal of Software , 2024 , 35 ( 9 ): 1 - 23 . (in Chinese)

LIU J , HAN W , LI J , et al. Integration design of sortie scheduling for carrier aircrafts based on hybrid flexible flow shop [J ] . IEEE Systems Journal , 2019 , 14 ( 1 ): 1503 - 1511 .

陶俊权 , 苏析超 , 韩维 , 等 . 基于EDA算法的航母弹药调度优化研究 [J ] . 兵器装备工程学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 5 ): 125 - 131 .

TAO J Q , SU X C , HAN W , et al. Study of aircraft carrier ammunition scheduling optimization based on EDA algorithm [J ] . Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering , 2022 , 43 ( 5 ): 125 - 131 . (in Chinese)

范加利 , 黄葵 , 朱兴动 , 等 . 基于禁忌算法的舰载机甲板作业动态调度优化算法 [J ] . 系统工程与电子技术 , 2023 , 45 ( 10 ): 3172 - 3182 . DOI: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.10.22 http://doi.org/10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.10.22 针对航母舰载机在保障作业调度过程中出现扰动事件, 并打破原调度方案执行计划的情况, 为及时获得新的优化调度方案, 设计了舰载机动态调度优化算法。在禁忌搜索算法框架下, 采用基于工序的调度排班方式作为优化邻域结构, 并以部分映射交叉与普通映射交叉混合的交叉方式作为编码交叉策略, 以双重禁忌方式作为禁忌表内容, 最终实现实时调度。算法可针对调度过程中舰载机添加、舰载机故障、保障组添加、保障组故障以及某保障工序的完成时间提前或推迟等多种突发扰动事件, 在原调度方案基础上, 对调度方案进行快速、有效的更新。基于对静态甲板保障调度数学模型求解得到静态的调度优化方案, 采用扰动事件模拟方法, 利用动态调度策略获取重调度方案, 验证了所提算法的有效性与可行性。

FAN J L , HUANG K , ZHU X D , et al. Carrier aircraft deck operations dynamic scheduling optimization algorithm based on the tabu algorithm [J ] . Systems Engineering and Electronics , 2023 , 45 ( 10 ): 3172 - 3182 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.10.22 http://doi.org/10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2023.10.22 In response to disturbance events that occur during the support operation scheduling process of carrier aircraft, and the original scheduling plan execution plan is broken. In order to obtain new optimized scheduling plans in a timely manner, a dynamic scheduling optimization algorithm for carrier aircraft is designed. Under the framework of the taboo search algorithm, a process-based scheduling and planning method is adopted as the optimization of neighborhood structure, and a mixed encoding crossover strategy of partial mapping crossover and ordinary mapping crossover is used as the encoding crossover strategy. Double taboo methods are used as the content of the taboo table, which ultimately achieve real-time scaling. The proposed algorithm can quickly and effectively update the scheduling plan based on the original scheduling plan for various sudden disturbance events such as the addition of carrier aircraft, carrier aircraft failures, support group addition, support group failures, and the advance or delay of the completion time of a certain support process during the scheduling process. Based on solving the static deck support scheduling mathematical model, a static scheduling optimization scheme is obtained. The disturbance event simulation method is used to obtain a rescheduling scheme using a dynamic scheduling strategy, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

刘子玄 , 万兵 , 苏析超 , 等 . 基于HA算法的舰载机出动作业调度方法 [J ] . 系统工程与电子技术 , 2024 , 46 ( 5 ): 1691 - 1702 . DOI: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.05.22 http://doi.org/10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.05.22 出动离场是舰载机作战效能发挥的基础环节, 本文研究其出动作业优化调度, 将作业过程抽象为柔性车间调度问题, 考虑优先序、资源及空间约束建立了混合整数规划模型, 提出了一种基于种群进化搜索与邻域改进能力的混合遗传-模拟退火算法, 并给出了作业扰动时的重调度策略, 通过引入任务表的生成构建了实际作业调度仿真架构。该架构融合了问题输入、动态扰动与算法, 实用推广性强。仿真结果表明, 所提算法收敛性快、解的准确性好、效率高, 可有效解决任务表驱动下的出动调度问题; 灵敏度分析发现, 保障点-军械加工对全局调度影响最为显著。

LIU Z X , WAN B , SU X C , et al. Sortie scheduling method of carrier aircraft based on HA algorithm [J ] . Systems Engineering and Electronics , 2024 , 46 ( 5 ): 1691 - 1702 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.05.22 http://doi.org/10.12305/j.issn.1001-506X.2024.05.22 The sortie is the fundamental link for the combat effectiveness of carrier aircraft. This paper studies the sortie optimization scheduling of carrier aircraft, abstracting the operation process as a flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP). A mixed integer programming model is established considering priority order, resources, and spatial constraints. A hybrid genetic operator and simulated annealing (HA) algorithm based on population evolution search and neighborhood improvement ability is proposed, and a rescheduling strategy is provided for job disturbance. A simulation architecture for actual job scheduling is constructed by introducing the generation of task tables. The architecture integrates problem inputs, dynamic perturbations, and algorithms, making it highly practical and generalizable. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has fast convergence, good solution accuracy, and high efficiency, and can effectively solve the sortie scheduling problem driven by task tables. Sensitivity analysis found that the support point ordnance processing has the most significant impact on global scheduling.

罗湘勇 , 冯浩源 , 潘星 , 等 . 面向流程的保障体系集成建模方法研究 [J ] . 系统工程与电子技术 , 2013 , 35 ( 11 ): 2314 - 2319 .

LUO X Y , FENG H Y , PAN X , et al. Integration modeling approach of process oriented support system of systems [J ] . Systems Engineering and Electronics , 2013 , 35 ( 11 ): 2314 - 2319 . (in Chinese)

韩维 , 苏析超 , 陈俊锋 . 舰载机多机一体化机务保障调度方法 [J ] . 系统工程与电子技术 , 2015 , 37 ( 4 ): 809 - 816 .

HAN W , SU X C , CHEN J F . Integrated maintenance support scheduling method of multi-carrier aircrafts [J ] . Systems Engineering and Electronics , 2015 , 37 ( 4 ): 809 - 816 . (in Chinese)

JIANG T T , SU X C , HAN W . Optimization of support scheduling on deck of carrier aircraft based on improved differential evolution algorithm [C ] // Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Control Science and Systems Engineering.Washington,D.C. , US : IEEE , 2017 : 136 - 140 .

SU X C , HAN W , WU Y , et al. A robust scheduling optimization method for flight deck operations of aircraft carrier with ternary interval durations [J ] . IEEE Access , 2018 , 6 : 69918 - 69936 .

陈宝童 , 王丽清 , 蒋晓敏 , 等 . 群智协同任务分配研究综述 [J ] . 计算机工程与应用 , 2021 , 57 ( 20 ): 1 - 12 . DOI: 10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2105-0396 http://doi.org/10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2105-0396 任务分配是群智协同计算和众包中的核心问题之一，即通过设计合理的任务分配策略，在满足任务约束条件下，将群智任务分配给合适的工作者，以提高群智任务的完成效率和结果质量。分析了目前任务分配方法存在的问题，总结并提出了一个通用的任务分配框架，并分别从工作者模型、任务模型、任务分配算法三个方面对国内外相关研究工作进行了分析、归纳和总结。提出了群智协同任务分配研究中的关键问题与今后的研究趋势。

CHEN B T , WANG L Q , JIANG X M , et al. Survey of task assignment for crowd-based cooperative computing [J ] . Computer Engineering and Applications , 2021 , 57 ( 20 ): 1 - 12 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2105-0396 http://doi.org/10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2105-0396 Task allocation is one of the core issues in crowd-based cooperative computing and crowdsourcing, that is, by designing a reasonable task allocation strategy, the tasks are assigned to the appropriate workers under the task constraints, so as to improve the result quality and completion efficiency of tasks. The problems of the current task allocation method are analyzed first, and then, a general task allocation framework is proposed and the relevant research work at home and abroad is analyzed in three aspects：worker model, task model, and task allocation algorithm. Finally, the key issues and future research trends in the research of task allocation for crowd-based cooperative computing are put forward.

李彦征 , 陈浩 , 赵文政 , 等 . 多工位多机器人装配过程的分布式点焊任务分配方法 [J ] . 计算机集成制造系统 , 2023 , 29 ( 3 ): 781 - 788 .

LI Y Z , CHEN H , ZHAO W Z , et al. Distributed spot welding task allocation for multi-station multi-robot assembly process [J ] . Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems , 2023 , 29 ( 3 ): 781 - 788 . (in Chinese)

NI J J , TANG M , CHEN Y N , et al. An improved cooperative control method for hybrid unmanned aerial-ground system in multitasks [J ] . International Journal of Aerospace Engineering , 2020 ,2020: 1 - 14 .

杜伟伟 , 陈小伟 . 陆军战术级作战任务分配及优化方法 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 5 ): 1431 - 1442 .

DU W W , CHEN X W . Task assignment and optimization method of tactical-level army operations [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2023 , 44 ( 5 ): 1431 - 1442 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.0007 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2022.0007 There has been a large number of studies on combat task assignment. However, only a few of them have focused on army force efficiency. This work attempts to address the problem of general combat task assignment from the standpoint of army force utilization. First, the army force is described using single units and compound units in a standardized manner. Second, resource demand analysis is performed and potential resources needed for each task are listed. A mapping relationship is established between the resource and the army force. Then, we formulate the task combination problem and the force dividing code to computational functions mathematically, and introduce the multi-objective optimization method and genetic algorithm to find the optimum task assignment solution. The method is validated using a landing battle example, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.

裘镓荣 , 曾鹏飞 , 邵伟平 , 等 . 基于PSO-LSSVM弹药装配质量预测方法 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 9 ): 2379 - 2387 .

QIU J R , ZENG P F , SHAO W P , et al. PSO-LSSVM-based ammunition assembly quality prediction method [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2022 , 43 ( 9 ): 2379 - 2387 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0867 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0867 Based on particle swarm optimization (PSO)-least squares support vector machines (LSSVM), an ammunition assembly quality prediction method is proposed to address the problems of complex ammunition assembly process, existence of various influencing factors for the assembly process quality, and low assembly efficiency. Through gray entropy correlation analysis, key quality characteristics affecting the ammunition assembly quality are extracted and used as the input vectors of the prediction model to reduce the complexity and calculation workload. Using PSO-LSSVM as the modeling tool, the parameters of LSSVM are optimized by the PSO algorithm, and a prediction model is developed for ammunition assembly quality. Taking the prediction of runout during the docking assembly of a certain type of ammunition as an example, the model is compared with LSSVM model and Back-Propagation (BP) neural network prediction model. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed PSO-LSSVM-based prediction method for ammunition assembly quality is feasible and effective, which can accurately predict the quality of ammunition assembly.

吕晓峰 , 杨东泽 , 马羚 , 等 . 基于改进遗传算法的舰载机弹药挂载调度 [J ] . 电光与控制 , 2024 , 31 ( 1 ): 82 - 86 .

LÜ X F , YANG D Z , MA L , et al. Carrier-based aircraft ammunition loading scheduling based on improved genetic algorithm [J ] . Electronics Optics & Control , 2024 , 31 ( 1 ): 82 - 86 . (in Chinese)

张韬 , 项祺 , 郑婉文 , 等 . 基于改进A * 算法的路径规划在海战兵棋推演中的应用 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 4 ): 960 - 968 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0209 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0209 为满足海战兵棋推演中多目标路径规划的需求，解决传统A^*算法无法在兵棋推演中直接运用的问题，提出一种可供类似兵棋推演环境参考、基于改进A^*算法的路径规划方法。建立一种映 射机制，实现了A^*算法在兵棋推演环境中的初步运用。构建一种既能满足多目标需求又能保证生成最优路径的估价函数。为验证算法有效性，在实际推演平台上进行了相关实验。结果表明，改进A^*算法可较好地统筹多个决策目标之间的关系，有效提升路径方案的质量，解决使用A^*算法在海战兵棋推演中进行最优路径规划的实际问题。

ZHANG T , XIANG Q , ZHENG W W , et al. Application of path planning based on improved A * algorithm in war gaming of naval warfare [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2022 , 43 ( 4 ): 960 - 968 . (in Chinese)

赵鹏程 , 宋保维 , 毛昭勇 , 等 . 基于改进的复合自适应遗传算法的UUV水下回收路径规划 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 10 ): 2598 - 2608 .

ZHAO P C , SONG B W , MAO Z Y , et al. Path planning for UUV underwater recovery based on improved composite adaptive genetic algorithm [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2022 , 43 ( 10 ): 2598 - 2608 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0474 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0474 Mutations of traditional genetic algorithms generate new paths in a simple and random manner, which negatively influence the evolutionary performance of the algorithms and makes it easy for them to fall into the trap of local optimality. Moreover, genetic algorithms are usually used together with the grid method for path planning, and the optimal path obtained is not always the shortest path for UUV recovery path planning, and the UUV mobility performance might conflict with the optimal path.An improved genetic algorithm with UUV mobility constraints is thus proposed. The concept of environment complexity is proposed to analyze the specific value of mobility constraints, so that path planning can be adapted to UUV mobility, and the algorithm results can be more practical. The compound adaptive mutation strategy is proposed to control the adaptive evolution of the mutated individuals in the iterative process. When the population evolution stagnates after a certain number of iterations, the optimal individual is guided for a two-stage adaptive mutation so that the optimal path approaches the approximate global optimal solution, and the convergence rate of the algorithm is effectively improved. The algorithm comparison simulation results based on MATLAB software show that the optimal path generated by the improved compound adaptive genetic algorithm is smoother and shorter in length compared with the optimal path of genetic algorithm and adaptive genetic algorithm in generally complex water area and complex water area, which demonstrates that the improved compound adaptive genetic algorithm has better convergence performance and superiority seeking ability in path planning and is more feasible and superior.

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