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南京理工大学 能源与动力工程学院, 江苏 南京 210094
Received:07 September 2023,
Published Online:30 October 2024,
Published:31 October 2024
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Xiaobing ZHANG, Jinfeng LI. Review and Prospect of Missile Plasma Synthetic Jet Control Technology[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(10): 3356-3370.
Xiaobing ZHANG, Jinfeng LI. Review and Prospect of Missile Plasma Synthetic Jet Control Technology[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(10): 3356-3370. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2023.0894.
在反导技术不断发展的背景下
为提高导弹的命中率
需要对导弹的机动性、快响应性等提出更高的要求。近年来
由于响应时间短、无机械部件、工作频带宽等优势
基于等离子体合成射流激励器的主动流动控制技术成为兵器科学与技术以及航空航天领域的研究热点。该技术在导弹的快响应气动力控制、横向主流干扰控制、激波控制、激波/边界层干扰控制等流动控制领域均展现出巨大的应用前景
为减小导弹的阻力、提高导弹的机动性、快响应性等提供了技术保障。结合近二十年来国内外的相关文献资料
以及多年的研究经验
对导弹等离子体合成射流流动控制技术的原理内涵、发展状况、关键问题等进行阐述和总结
以便为相关研究人员提供帮助。
In the context of the continuous development of anti-missile technology
higher requirements must be imposed on missile maneuverability and fast response to improve the missile hit rate. In recent years
due to the advantages of short response time
no mechanical parts and wide working frequency band
the active flow control technology based on plasma synthetic jet actuator has become a research hotspot in the weapons science and technology and the aerospace field. Great application prospects have been demonstrated in the flow control fields of missiles
such as fast response aerodynamic control
transverse mainstream interference control
shock wave control
shock wave/boundary layer interference control
etc.
which provides technical support for reducing the missile resistance and improving the maneuverability and fast response of missile. The principle
development and key problems of the missile plasma synthetic jet flow control technology are described and summarized based on the related literatures issued at home and abroad in the past 20 years and the research experience
hoping to provide help to the relevant researchers.
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YANG R , LUO Z B , XIA Z X , et al . Numerical study of plasma synthetic jet control on hypersonic missile [J ] . Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2016 , 37 ( 6 ): 1722 - 1732 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0028 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2016.0028 Fast response control technology has become one of the key technologies for hypersonic vehicle development. Plasma synthetic jet (PSJ), which is with fast response and synthetic characteristics, has initially shows excellent potential in terms of hypersonic flow control. A fast response hyper-vehicle control technology based on PSJ is proposed based on PSJ's fast response property and a simplified missile flow field control model for numerical study is established. Theoretical analysis of the typical structure of hypersonic missile flow shows that there are three characteristic flow structures. The PSJ actuators is arranged to these three characteristic positions and the effect on flow structure is observed, which results in the changes of the missile surface pressure distribution, as well as the characteristics of the lift, drag and pitching moments. Numerical simulation results indicate that the jet could have a significant influence on hypersonic flows. It makes the intensity of expansion wave and shock wave weaker, and has more significant effect on shock wave. The change of the flow structure and aerodynamic characteristics has a strong jet following character. That is to say, the flow change response time is very short, which is on the order of 0.2 ms. With rational layout of the actuators' position, quick change in the surface pressure distribution can be achieved for a missile, and thus modulating the missile's attitude can be realized.
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LI Z , XU C , ZHANG J , et al . Reverse jet flow control by plasma synthetic jet actuator in high speed flow field [J ] . Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2022 , 43 ( S2 ): 225 - 232 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27789 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27789 As a special aerodynamic phenomenon accompanying high-speed flight, shock wave has an important impact on the safety and performance of aircraft. Effective flow control has great significance in improving the aerodynamic/thermal environment of aircraft. Plasma has attracted more and more attention in recent years because of its simple structure, small mass, fast frequency response, large excitation bandwidth, adjustable excitation intensity, easy arrangement and no auxiliary control system. In this paper, high speed schlieren and laser dynamic pressure sensor are used to study the unsteady control of bow shock by counter jet of plasma synthetic jet. The results show that plasma synthetic jet has a strong flow control effect, whose control time is more than 600 μs. With the decrease of jet pressure, the controlled bow shock presents short penetration mode and long penetration mode changes. The debugging process of the two modes has a certain degree of drag reduction effect on the model.
孙志坤 , 史志伟 , 张伟麟 , 等 . 等离子体激励器对高速翼型升阻特性的影响 [J ] . 航空学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 增刊2 ): 23 - 39 .
SUN Z K , SHI Z W , ZHANG W L , et al . Effect of plasma actuator on lift-drag characteristics of high-speed airfoil [J ] . Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2022 , 43 ( S2 ): 23 - 39 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27705 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2022.27705 Plasma excitation is widely studied as an active flow control technology with a short response time. Numerical simulations are used to investigate the effects of the actuator cavity, actuator arrangement position, angle of attack, and discharge parameters on improvement in the lift-drag characteristics of hypersonic airfoils. Corresponding experimental validation is conducted. The results show that the cavity of the exciter will generate a drag reduction effect, and the time-average drag reduction effect of the cavity is better than that of the plasma actuator. The decreasing distance of the actuator to the airfoil leading edge leads to stronger improvement in the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. The hypersonic airfoil leading edge wedge area is the optimum geometric position for the actuator to improve the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. Increasing the inflow angle of attack reduces the negative effect of the actuator cavity on the airfoil aerodynamic performance when the actuator is in the optimum geometric position, while also impairing the time-average flow control performance of the actuator. In addition, to improve the exciter energy utilization efficiency, the effect of different discharge parameters on the aerodynamic performance improvement of the airfoil is studied. The optimum duty cycle of the plasma synthetic jet exciter for lifting the drag and lift characteristics of hypersonic airfoils is 1.83%. The results provide a reference for the control of hypersonic flow with plasma synthetic jet exciter.
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殷宁 , 谭慧俊 , 梁钢 , 等 . 等离子体激励器的静特性与高速特性仿真研究 [J ] . 核聚变与等离子体物理 , 2020 , 40 ( 1 ): 90 - 96 .
YIN N , TAN H J , LIANG G , et al . Investigation on static and high speed characteristic of a plasma actuator [J ] . Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Physics , 2020 , 40 ( 1 ): 90 - 96 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.16568/j.0254-6086.202001015 http://doi.org/10.16568/j.0254-6086.202001015 A parametric study of high-frequency plasma jet actuator was carried out, using the experiment- tally measured energy distribution law of arc discharge as an ideal heat source. The influence of the exit angle of the actuator on the flow field was explored. The jet flow field characteristics of the spark discharge actuator under supersonic flow ( Ma 0=2.0) were investigated. The results show that the energy density of heat flux increases and the jet front and forward shock wave moves faster with the decrease of discharge region, and the smaller the exit angle of the jet is, the stronger the momentum injection ability of the actuator along the flow direction is. The rule still applies under high-speed air flow conditions. Compared to the static condition, the momentum injection capability of the jet is stronger and the influence domain is larger under supersonic flow conditions.
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程林 , 孙姝 , 谭慧俊 , 等 . 斜孔式等离子体合成射流激励器静特性的实验 [J ] . 航空动力学报 , 2017 , 32 ( 11 ): 2784 - 2790 .
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吴云 , 李应红 . 等离子体流动控制研究进展与展望 [J ] . 航空学报 , 2015 , 36 ( 2 ): 381 - 405 . DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0246 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0246 等离子体流动控制是基于等离子体气动激励的新型主动流动控制技术,具有响应时间短、激励频带宽等显著技术优势,在改善飞行器/发动机空气动力特性方面具有广阔的应用前景,已成为国际上等离子体动力学与空气动力学交叉领域的前沿研究热点。鉴于此,从介质阻挡放电(DBD)、电弧放电等离子体气动激励特性,等离子体气动激励抑制流动分离、控制附面层、控制激波与激波/附面层干扰、控制压气机与涡轮内部流动、控制管道流动和飞行控制等方面,综合评述了国际上等离子体流动控制的研究进展情况;从创新等离子体气动激励方式,揭示等离子体气动激励与复杂流动的非定常耦合机制,突破等离子体流动控制系统关键技术等方面,对未来的发展进行展望。
WU Y , LI Y H . Progress and outlook of plasma flow control [J ] . Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica , 2015 , 36 ( 2 ): 381 - 405 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0246 http://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0246 Plasma flow control is a new type of active flow control technology based on plasma aerodynamic actuation which is advantageous of short reactive time and broad bandwidth. The prospect of plasma flow control on improving aircraft/engine performance has made it a hot topic in the cross field of plasma dynamics and aerodynamics. This paper presents a review of the research progress from the aspects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and arc discharge plasma aerodynamic actuation characteristics, boundary layer control, shock wave control and shock wave/boundary layer interaction control, compressor and turbine flow control, pipe flow and flight control. Also, future development of plasma flow control is looked forward in three aspects, i.e., innovation of plasma aerodynamic actuation, revealing the unsteady coupling mechanism of plasma aerodynamic actuation and complex flow, as well as breakthrough of the key technology of plasma flow control system.
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