GRUJICIC M , ARAKERE G , NALLAGATLA H , et al . Computational investigation of blast survivability and off-road performance of an up-armoured high-mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehicle [J ] . Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers , Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering , 2009 , 223 ( 3 ): 301 - 325 . DOI: 10.1243/09544070JAUTO1063 http://doi.org/10.1243/09544070JAUTO1063 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1243/09544070JAUTO1063 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1243/09544070JAUTO1063 Since ballistic and blast survivability and off-road handling and stability of military vehicles, such as the high-mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehicle (HMMWV), are two critical vehicle performance aspects, they both (including the delicate balance between them) have to be considered when a new vehicle is being designed or an existing vehicle retrofitted (e.g. up-armoured). Finite-element-based transient non-linear dynamics and multi-body longitudinal dynamics computational analyses were employed, relatively, in the present work to address the following two specific aspects of the performance of an HMMWV: first, the ability of the vehicle to survive detonation of a landmine shallow buried into sand underneath the right wheel of the vehicle and, second, the ability of the vehicle to withstand a simple straight-line brake manoeuvre during off-road travel without compromising its stability and safety of its occupants. Within the first analysis, the kinematic and structural responses (including large-scale rotation and deformation, buckling, plastic yielding, failure initiation, fracture, and fragmentation) of the HMMWV to the detonation of a landmine were analysed computationally using the general-purpose transient non-linear dynamics analysis software ABAQUS/Explicit. The second analysis was carried out using Simpack, a general-purpose multi-body dynamics program, and the main purpose of this analysis was to address the vehicle stability during the off-road travel. The same sand model was used in both types of analysis. Finally, the computational results obtained are compared with general field-test observations and data in order to judge the physical soundness and fidelity of the present approach.

石秉良 , 王显会 , 张云 , 等 . 军用车辆底部防护研究与发展综述 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2016 , 37 ( 10 ): 1902 - 1914 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.10.018 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.10.018 底部防护对提高军用车辆的战场生存性和形成有效的乘员保护有着重要的意义，是当前军用车辆领域研究的主要方向之一。综述了军用车辆底部防护技术研究、基于数字仿真的防护能力分析与结构优化、车辆底部防护能力评价、防护策略及其应用、主要车辆底部防护技术措施及能力现状。阐述了 “V”形底部结构、基于新型材料的平板形底部结构、车辆内部结构及乘员约束系统等车辆底部防护技术措施；论述了数字仿真技术在车辆底部防护能力分析及底部结构优化方面的应用及研究情况；分析了爆炸冲击对车辆内部乘员的影响及车辆底部防护能力试验评价研究现状；归纳了局部简易防护、局部加装防护组件、专用防护车身加组件和整体综合防护解决方案等车辆底部防护策略；统计了现有主要防护型车辆底部防护技术措施及能力现状。在此基础上提出了军用车辆底部防护技术研究重点，并对不同类型车辆底部防护能力的发展进行了展望。

SHI B L , WANG X H , ZHANG Y , et al . An overview of development and research on bottom protection capability of military vehicle [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2016 , 37 ( 10 ): 1902 - 1914 . (in Chinese)

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XIANG Y F , WANG M , YU T X , et al . Key performance indicators of tubes and foam-filled tubes used as energy absorbers [J ] . International Journal of Applied Mechanics , 2015 , 7 ( 4 ): 1550060 . DOI: 10.1142/S175882511550060X http://doi.org/10.1142/S175882511550060X https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S175882511550060X https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S175882511550060X Based on a systematic investigation on the experimental, theoretical and numerical results on various tubes under axial compression/impact including our own tests, a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) for assessing and comparing the energy absorbing performance of tubular structures with various configurations is proposed, so as to guide the design of energy absorbers whilst to facilitate parameter optimization. The five KPIs proposed on the basis of mechanical analyses are effective stroke ratio (ESR), nondimensional load-carrying capacity (NLC), specific energy absorption (SEA), effectiveness of energy absorption (EEA) and undulation of load-carrying capacity (ULC). Moreover, by considering the influence of foam filling, these five KPIs are also modified and extended to the foam-filled tubes.

CASATI R , LEMKE J , VEDANI M . Microstructure and fracture behavior of 316L austenitic stainless steel produced by selective laser melting [J ] . Journal of Materials Science & Technology , 2016 , 32 ( 8 ): 738 - 744 .

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