刘文思 , 陆越 , 周庆飞 , 等 . 鱼雷近场爆炸复杂载荷及对舰船毁伤模式 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2021 , 42 ( 4 ): 842 - 850 .

LIU W S , LU Y , ZHOU Q F , et al. Complex load of torpedo near-field explosion and its damage mode to ships [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2021 , 42 ( 4 ): 842 - 850 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.04.018 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.04.018 A numerical analysis model of near-boundary underwater explosion was established based on nonlinear explicit dynamic analysis software LS-DYNA in order to evaluate the damage efficiency of torpedo underwater explosion to ships. The calculated results of explosion load under near-free liquid surface boundary conditions were compared with the calculated results of empirical formulas in Ref.［6］ and the experimental results in Ref.［17］, verifying that the proposed numerical simulation method can well reflect the shock wave pressure of the near-field underwater explosion and the multiple bubble pulsation processes. The technology is used to build a numerical simulation model close to the actual combat boundary conditions, and calculate and analyze the damage mode of the torpedo near-field explosion to the ship under multiple conditions. The results show that different boundary conditions in the near field have an important effect on the pulsating load of underwater explosion bubbles. Under different conditions, shock wave, bubble pulsation and water jet load have complex coupling effects with ship structure. The effect of torpedo on the ship in the near field under different conditions shows different energy output structures, which is closely related to the final damage mode of ship, and there is an optimal detonation distance to maximize the total energy of torpedo acting on the ship.

金键 , 朱锡 , 侯海量 , 等 . 大型舰船在水下接触爆炸下的毁伤与防护研究综述 [J ] . 爆炸与冲击 , 2020 , 40 ( 11 ): 15 - 39 .

JIN J , ZHU X , HOU H L , et al. Review on the damage and protection of large naval warships subjected to underwater contact explosion [J ] . Explosion and Shock Waves , 2020 , 40 ( 11 ): 15 - 39 . (in Chinese)

金辉 , 高浩鹏 , 彭玉祥 , 等 . 兵器近场水下爆炸对目标的毁伤特性研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2015 , 36 ( 增刊1 ): 1 - 6 .

JIN H , GAO H P , PENG Y X , et al. Study of damage characteristics of huge warship subjected to near-field underwater explosion [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2015 , 36 ( S1 ): 1 - 6 . (in Chinese)

SRINIVAS K A , UMAPATHI G K , VENKATA K R , et al. Blast loading of underwater targets - a study through explosion bulge test experiments [J ] . International Journal of Impact Engineering , 2015 , 76 : 189 - 195 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.09.007 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.09.007 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0734743X14002267 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0734743X14002267

ZHANG J , SHI X H , GUEDES S C . Experimental study on the response of multi-layered protective structure subjected to underwater contact explosions [J ] . International Journal of Impact Engineering , 2017 , 100 : 23 - 34 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2016.10.004 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2016.10.004 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0734743X16305231 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0734743X16305231

张振华 , 王乘 , 黄玉盈 , 等 . 舰船底部液舱结构在水下爆炸作用下的动态响应实验研究 [J ] . 爆炸与冲击 , 2007 , 27 ( 5 ): 431 - 437 .

ZHANG Z H , WANG C , HUANG Y Y , et al. Experiment research of the dynamic response of fluid cabin in the bottom of warship subjected to underwater explosion [J ] . Explosion and Shock Waves , 2007 , 27 ( 5 ): 431 - 437 . (in Chinese)

LIU G Z , LIU J H , WANG J , et al. A numerical method for double-plated structure completely filled with liquid subjected to underwater explosion [J ] . Marine Structures , 2017 , 53 : 164 - 180 . DOI: 10.1016/j.marstruc.2017.02.004 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.marstruc.2017.02.004 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0951833916302647 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0951833916302647

古滨 , 李炳南 , 姚熊亮 , 等 . 水下冲击波作用下双层壳结构响应特征研究 [J ] . 兵器装备工程学报 , 2019 , 40 ( 11 ): 11 - 18 .

GU B , LI B N , YAO X L , et al. Research of impact response of double-shell based on underwater explosion shock wave [J ] . Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering , 2019 , 40 ( 11 ): 11 - 18 . (in Chinese)

郭君 , 崔杰 , 肖巍 , 等 . 舰船双层底液舱水下爆炸作用下动态响应 [J ] . 噪声与振动控制 , 2012 , 32 ( 6 ): 94 - 99 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-1335.2012.06.023 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-1335.2012.06.023 用AUTODYN有限元程序研究水下非接触及接触爆炸作用下舰船双层底液舱内底的载荷特性。分别分析非接触及接触爆炸作用下，舰船双层底液舱半载与满载时内底的冲击载荷种类，探讨爆距及装载状态的不同对内底爆炸载荷特性的影响。研究表明，液舱满载时，透射冲击波是威胁内板的主要载荷形式；药包非接触、液舱半载时，液舱内部飞溅载荷是威胁内板的主要载荷形式；药包接触、液舱半载时，高速水层抨击是威胁内板的主要载荷形式，据此，总结得出舰船在服役过程中双层底液舱应采取的装载状态。

GUO J , CUI J , XIAO W , et al. Dynamic response of ship's double bottom tanks subject to underwater explosion [J ] . Noise and Vibration Control , 2012 , 32 ( 6 ): 94 - 99 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-1335.2012.06.023 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-1335.2012.06.023 The loading characteristics of ship’s double bottom tanks subjected to underwater non-contact and contact explosions were researched respectively using AUTODYN finite element software. The loading type of the double bottom tanks during semi-load and full load conditions was analyzed, and the influence of explosive distance and loading condition on the loading characteristics of internal plate was discussed. The result showed that the transmitted shock wave is the major threat of the inner plate in full-load condition; the splashing loading is the major threat of the inner plate in semi-load and non-contact situation; and high-velocity water-jet is the major threat of the inner plate in semi-load and contact situation. Therefore, the semi-load condition of double bottom tanks is strongly recommended to warship in active time.

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HE M , ZHANG A M , LIU Y L . Interaction of the underwater explosion bubbles and nearby double-layer structures with circular holes [J ] . Explosion and Shock Waves , 2020 , 40 ( 11 ): 40 - 50 . (in Chinese)

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CHEN Y Y , YAO X L , CUI X W , et al. Experimental investigation of bubble dynamics near a double-layer plate with a circular hole [J ] . Ocean Engineering , 2021 , 239 : 109715 . DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109715 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109715 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0029801821010842 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0029801821010842

盛振新 , 刘建湖 , 毛海斌 , 等 . 爆轰产物冲击带破口双层板结构内板壁压研究 [J ] . 水下无人系统学报 , 2022 , 30 ( 3 ): 391 - 397 .

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张梁 . 水下接触爆炸对舰船舷侧多层防护结构毁伤机理研究 [D ] . 哈尔滨 : 哈尔滨工程大学 , 2020 .

ZHANG L . Research on the damage mechanism of multicamerate defense structure on warship broadside subject to underwater contact explosion [D ] . Harbin : Harbin Engineering University , 2020 . (in Chinese)

吴林杰 , 侯海量 , 朱锡 , 等 . 水下接触爆炸下防雷舱舷侧空舱的内压载荷特性仿真研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2017 , 38 ( 1 ): 143 - 150 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2017.01.019 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2017.01.019 为研究水下接触爆炸下防雷舱舷侧空舱的内压载荷特性，在水下爆炸气泡第1次脉动周期的约3倍时间范围内，利用LS_DYNA软件对水下爆炸气泡与防雷舱舷侧空舱的相互作用过程和舷侧空舱的内压载荷特性进行了仿真分析，并通过模型试验对仿真结果及分析进行了验证。研究结果表明：伴随着水下爆炸气泡膨胀或收缩，爆炸产物气体从外板破口处流入或流出舷侧空舱，外板也相应地向里凹陷或向外凸出运动；舷侧空舱内部空间被外板花瓣隔成两个区域，舷侧空舱的内压载荷在花瓣前面和花瓣背面具有不同特性；采用有限元方法评估舷侧空舱外板的最大破坏程度时，可将计算时间取为气泡第1次脉动周期的5%.

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