
浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
1. 上海电机学院 电子信息学院, 上海 201306
2. 山东财经大学 管理科学与工程学院, 山东 济南 250014
Received:31 March 2022,
Published Online:19 July 2023,
Published:30 June 2023
移动端阅览
Lei ZHENG, Zhimin CHEN, Yuxuan JIA. UAV Swarm Tracking Method Based on Wide-Area Deployment of Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(6): 1837-1845.
Lei ZHENG, Zhimin CHEN, Yuxuan JIA. UAV Swarm Tracking Method Based on Wide-Area Deployment of Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(6): 1837-1845. DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2022.0217.
无人机在民用和军事领域中都发挥着重要作用
其体积小、数量多、速度快
更会给国防安全带来严重的安全威胁
有效跟踪定位无人机是保障低空安全的关键问题之一。针对典型城市环境中的多目标跟踪问题
提出一种高效费比的多目标跟踪算法。通过广域部署低成本智能反射面
对多目标进行数据融合;同时提出一种改进的数据关联算法
通过特征辅助的模糊数据关联
利用一部分历史数据作为筛选最优观测数据的特征阈值
得到最接近真实值的量测数据。采用卡尔曼滤波进行状态估计
实现对多目标的低成本高精度跟踪。仿真对比新算法与传统概率密度数据关联算法性能。仿真结果表明:新算法相比传统算法在位置和速度方面均方根误差更小
跟踪精度约为1.7m
传统算法约为6.6m
实验结果表明新算法能够有效提高目标关联精度和跟踪性能。
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) play an important role in both civil and military domains. However
their small size
large quantity
and high speed pose significant security threats to national defense. Ensuring low-altitude safety requires effective tracking and locating of UAVs. A cost-effective target tracking method is thus proposed for tracking multiple targets. By deploying low-cost intelligent reflectors across a wide area
data fusion of multiple targets is performed. An improved data association method is proposed. Through feature-assisted fuzzy data association
a part of historical data is used as the feature threshold to screen the optimal observation data
and the measured data that is closest to the real value is obtained. Finally
Kalman filter is used for state estimation to realize the tracking of multiple targets with low cost and high precision. The performance of the proposed method is compared with that of the traditional probability density data association algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves smaller root mean square error in position and speed
with a tracking accuracy of around 1.7m
while the traditional algorithm is about 6.6m. Experimental results verify that the proposed method can effectively improve the target association accuracy and tracking performance.
张云飞 , 林德福 , 郑多 , 等 . 多目标时空同步协同攻击无人机任务分配与轨迹优化 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2021 , 42 ( 7 ): 1482 - 1495 .
ZHANG Y F , LIN D F , ZHENG D , et al . Task allocation and trajectory optimization of uav for multi-target time-space synchronization cooperative attack [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2021 , 42 ( 7 ): 1482 - 1495 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.07.016 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.07.016 A task allocation and trajectory optimization algorithm for multi-target attack is proposed for the coordinated attack task of distributed UAVs attacking multiple targets in a complex battlefield environment. The typical multi-target strike mission scenarios and UAV models are established. A search map with no-fly zones as nodes is constructed based on Delaunay triangle theory. A<sup>*</sup> algorithm is used to achieve the least threatening single-aircraft path search. In terms of UAV dynamics constraints and minimum energy loss, the time adjustment factor is introduced and the distributed UAV time-space synchronization trajectory optimization method based on Bezier curve is adopted to obtain the optimized trajectory for simultaneous attack on multiple targets. A trajectory tracking controller was designed for simulation track of pre-planned trajectory. The simulated results show that the proposed multi-target attack task allocation and trajectory optimization method can achieve multi-angle, time-space synchronization, and distributed coordinated attack on multiple targets, and it has strong robustness against interference such as noise and wind gusts.
屈旭涛 , 庄东晔 , 谢海斌 . “低慢小”无人机探测方法 [J ] . 指挥控制与仿真 , 2020 , 42 ( 2 ): 128 - 135 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-3819.2020.02.024 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-3819.2020.02.024 &#x0201c;低慢小&#x0201d;无人机在航拍、农业、娱乐、军事等领域的广泛应用,在带来产业升级的同时,也带来了安全隐患。作为对&#x0201c;低慢小&#x0201d;无人机管控与反制的前提,&#x0201c;低慢小&#x0201d;无人机探测成为一个备受关注的研究课题。从&#x0201c;低慢小&#x0201d;无人机与客机、战斗机等传统探测目标特性上的不同出发,分析&#x0201c;低慢小&#x0201d;无人机探测的难点,梳理当下针对这一问题研究的最新成果,总结雷达探测、激光探测、光电探测、声探测、金属探测、无线电探测等方法,比较各原理之间的性能差异,提出移动探测、融合探测、跟踪探测等发展方向。
QU X T , ZHUANG D Y , XIE H B . Detection methods for low-slow-small (lss) uav [J ] . Command Control & Simulation , 2020 , 42 ( 2 ): 128 - 135 . (in Chinese)
WU Q Q , ZHANG R . Towards smart and reconfigurable environment: intelligent reflecting surface aided wireless network [J ] . IEEE Communications Magazine , 1995 , 58 ( 1 ): 106 - 112 .
LI Z F , HUA M , WANG Q X , et al . Weighted sum-rate maximization for multi-IRS aided cooperative transmission [J ] . IEEE Wireless Communications Letters , 2020 , 9 ( 10 ): 1620 - 1624 . DOI: 10.1109/LWC.5962382 http://doi.org/10.1109/LWC.5962382 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5962382 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5962382
LÜ B , HOANG D T , GONG S , et al . IRS-based wireless jamming attacks: when jammers can attack without power [J ] . IEEE Wireless Communications Letters , 2020 , 9 ( 10 ): 1663 - 1667 . DOI: 10.1109/LWC.5962382 http://doi.org/10.1109/LWC.5962382 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5962382 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5962382
HUM S V , PERRUISSEAU-CARRIER J . Reconfigurable reflectarrays and array lenses for dynamic antenna beam control: a review [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation , 2014 , 62 ( 1 ): 183 - 198 . DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2013.2287296 http://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2013.2287296 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6648436/ http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6648436/
ASADCHY V S , ALBOOYEH M , TCVETKOVA S N , et al . Perfect control of reflection and refraction using spatially dispersive metasurfaces [J ] . Physical Review B , 2016 , 94 ( 7 ): 1 - 14 .
ESTAKHRI N M , ALU A . Wave-front transformation with gradient metasurfaces [J ] . Physical Review X , 2016 , 6 ( 4 ): 041008 . DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041008 http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041008 https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041008 https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041008
SONG C , WANG B N , XIANG M S . et al . A general framework for slow and weak range-spread ground moving target indication using airborne multichannel high-resolution radar [J ] . Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2022 , 60 : 511 3616.
杨万海 . 多传感器数据融合及其应用 [M ] . 西安 : 西安电子科技大学出版社 , 2004 .
YANG W H . Multisensor data fusion and its application [M ] . Xi’an : Xidian University Press , 2004 . (in Chinese)
李康 , 丁国如 , 李京华 , 等 . 无源定位技术发展动态及其应用分析 [J ] . 航空兵器 , 2021 , 28 ( 2 ): 104 - 112 .
LI K , DING G R , LI J H , et al . Development and application analysis of passive localization [J ] . Aero Weaponry , 2021 , 28 ( 2 ): 104 - 112 . (in Chinese)
CAO L , ZHENG D Y , ZHAO Z M , et al . Convex variational inference for multi-hypothesis fractional belief propagation based data association in multiple target tracking systems [J ] . Sensors Journal , 2021 , 21 ( 17 ): 19121 - 19133 . DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3089206 http://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2021.3089206 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9454467/ https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9454467/
CHAKRABORTY B , LI Y , ZHANG J J , et al . Multipath exploitationwith adaptivewaveform design for tracking in urban terrain [C ] //Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech & Signal Processing. Dallas, TX,US : IEEE , 2010 : 1154 0984.
ZETIK R , ESCHRICH M , JOVANOSKA S , et al . Looking behind a corner using multipath-exploitingUWB radar [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Aerospace & Electronic Systems , 2015 , 51 ( 3 ): 1916 - 1926 .
何友 , 修建娟 , 张晶炜 , 等 . 雷达数据处理及应用 [M ] . 第2版. 北京 : 电子工业出版社 , 2013 .
HE Y , XIU J J , ZHANG J W , et al . Radar data processing and application [M ] . 2nd ed. Beijing : Publishing House of Electronics Industry , 2013 . (in Chinese)
邹汝平 , 刘建书 . 基于概率假设密度滤波与无迹Kalman滤波的多目标跟踪与识别 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2020 , 41 ( 8 ): 1502 - 1508 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.08.004 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.08.004 为提高导引头末制导阶段抗干扰能力,针对典型的欺骗式距离-速度联合拖引干扰模型,研究了基于概率假设密度(PHD)滤波的多目标跟踪与基于无迹Kalman滤波(UKF)的多目标识别技术。为说明导引头目标识别原理,给出了距离-速度联合拖引干扰模型;根据导引头测量原理,通过导引头框架角、导弹-目标相对距离、径向速度建立系统跟踪模型,给出了基于PHD滤波的多目标跟踪与基于UKF的多目标识别的基本原理;基于典型的目标运动模型(匀速直线与匀速转弯模型),针对目标施加的4次距离-速度联合拖引干扰,采用目标跟踪结果以及估计的目标速度和加速度信息进行多目标跟踪与识别分析,能够很快实现真假目标识别。仿真实验结果表明,利用PHD滤波与UKF信息能够有效实现对距离-速度拖引干扰下的多目标跟踪与识别。
ZOU R P , LIU J S . Multi-target tracking and recognition technology based on PHD and UKF [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2020 , 41 ( 8 ): 1502 - 1508 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.08.004 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2020.08.004 For the typical range-velocity simultaneous pull-off jamming model, the multi-target tracking technology based on probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter and the multi-target recognition technology based on unscented Kalman filter (UKF) are studied to improve the anti-jamming capability of seeker in terminal guidance phase. A range-velocity simultaneous pull-off jamming model is established to explain the principle of target recognition. According to the principle of seeker measurement, a system tracking model is established, in which the frame angle of seeker, missile-target relative distance, radial velocity, elevatiom angle and azimuth angle are considered. The basic principle of multi-target tracking based on PHD filter and multi-target recognition based on UKF filter is presented. Finally, in the typical target motion model (uniform rectilinear and uniform turning model), the target velocity and acceleration information estimated by filtering can be used to identify real and false targets quickly in view of the four target range-velocity simultaneous pull-off jammings. The simulated results show that the PHD and UKF filters presented in this paper can effectively realize the multi-target recognition and tracking under range-velocity simultaneous pull-off jamming, and verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
邢慧 , 颜景龙 , 张树江 . 基于Kalman滤波的稳像技术研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2007 , 28 ( 2 ): 175 - 177 .
XING H , YAN J L , ZHANG S J . Digital image stabilization using kalman filtering [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2007 , 28 ( 2 ): 175 - 177 . (in Chinese) A real-time stabilization system using Kaiman filtering for video reconnaissance was present-ed. Inter-frame global motion vectors were predicted by feature matching based motion estimation. The global camera motion was defined in terms of constant velocity motion models, and Kalman filter-ing was employed to facilitate smooth operation. Experimental results for many video sequences show that the method can eliminate high frequency tremble, remain active motion of camera and realize real time image stabilization satisfactorily.
SITTLER R W . An optimal data association problem in surveillance theory [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Military Electronics , 1964 , 8 ( 2 ): 125 - 139 . DOI: 10.1109/TME.1964.4323129 http://doi.org/10.1109/TME.1964.4323129 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4323129/ http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4323129/
LI X R , BAR-SHALOM Y . Tracking in clutter with nearest neighbor filters: analysis and performance [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Aerospace Electronic Systems , 1996 , 32 ( 3 ): 995 - 1010 . DOI: 10.1109/7.532259 http://doi.org/10.1109/7.532259 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/532259/ http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/532259/
KIRUBARAJAN T , BAR-SHALOM Y . Probabilistic data association techniques for target tracking in clutter [J ] . Proceedings of the IEEE , 2004 , 92 ( 3 ): 536 - 557 . DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2003.823149 http://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2003.823149 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1271405/ http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1271405/
BICANIC B , MARKOVIC I , PETROVIC I . Multi-target tracking on riemannian manifolds via probabilistic data association [J ] . Signal Processing Letters , 2021 , 28 : 1555 - 1559 . DOI: 10.1109/LSP.2021.3099980 http://doi.org/10.1109/LSP.2021.3099980 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9496220/ https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9496220/
MA L , ZHAN R H , ZHANG J . Feature aided tracking algorithm based on generalized probability data association [C ] //Proceedings of 2009 International Radar Conference. Guilin, China : IET , 2009 .
赵峰 . 特征辅助的多目标数据关联算法研究 [D ] . 长沙 : 国防科学技术大学 , 2010 .
ZHAO F . Research on feature-aided data association algorithm for multi-target [D ] . Changsha : National University of Defense Technology , 2010 . (in Chinese)
0
Views
203
下载量
0
CNKI被引量
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024360号