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毛保全 , 赵其进 , 白向华 , 等 . 火炮身管延寿技术研究现状与展望 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 3 ): 638 - 654 .DOI: 10.12382.bgxb.2021.0787 https://dx.doi.org/10.12382.bgxb.2021.0787 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0787 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0787 火炮身管延寿难题长期制约着其综合性能的进一步提升和作战效能的持续发挥，延长身管使用寿命成为现代化及未来战场的迫切需求。通过概括影响火炮身管寿命的主要因素，从改进发射药、身管内膛表面处理、优化弹丸和膛线设计、炮钢材料改进、磁控等离子体抗烧蚀技术等方面阐述当前用于火炮身管延寿的主要技术措施，总结相关技术的国内外研究进展，并分析国内在上述技术领域存在的短板。从明晰火炮身管内膛壁面的烧蚀磨损规律，遴选可行延寿方法并多措并举开展科研攻关以及探索并发展磁控等离子体抗烧蚀新技术等方面展望我国在火炮身管延寿领域未来的发展方向。研究成果可为发展火炮身管常规延寿技术提供思路，并为探索新型延寿技术提供启发，进而可为延长身管使用寿命、提升火炮作战效能提供参考和借鉴。

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刘朋科 , 杨雕 , 许耀峰 , 等 . 身管内膛表层温度及其梯度规律研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 6 ): 1225 - 1232 . DOI: 10.12382/bgxb.2021.0296 http://doi.org/10.12382/bgxb.2021.0296 火炮射击过程中高温火药燃气可使身管内膛表面材料强度降低、发生相变甚至形成熔融态，加速身管内膛表面形成烧蚀、冲刷、磨损及开裂等损伤，研究身管内膛表面温度及梯度对揭示身管损伤机理具有重要意义。以大口径155 mm火炮身管对象，建立身管热-结构耦合动力学模型，仿真研究阳线棱边倒角、表面镀铬等对身管内膛表层温度的影响规律，结合实弹射击试验后身管内膛表面热影响层检测对仿真结果进行对比。研究结果表明：身管内膛表层温度沿径向快速衰减，形成极大的温度梯度，表面温度达到1 500 ℃、190 μm处温度超过727 ℃；阳线棱边存在明显的热累积，温度比阳线表面高出300 ℃以上，阳线棱边倒角后温度约降低100 ℃；内膛镀铬后可使基体温度降低约400 ℃。

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郭俊行 , 张亨 , 海腾蛟 , 等 . 火炮身管试样烧蚀试验及数值模拟分析 [J ] . 火炮发射与控制学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 3 ): 74 - 79 .

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UNDERWOOD J H , VIGILANTE G N , MULLIGAN C P , et al. Thermo mechanically controlled erosion in army cannons:a review [J ] . Transactions of the ASME , 2006 , 128 : 168 - 172 . DOI: 10.1115/1.2120808 http://doi.org/10.1115/1.2120808 https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/mechanicaldesign/article/128/1/168/470522/The-Kinetostatic-Optimization-of-Robotic https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/mechanicaldesign/article/128/1/168/470522/The-Kinetostatic-Optimization-of-Robotic The design of a robotic manipulator begins with the dimensioning of its various links to meet performance specifications. However, a methodology for the determination of the manipulator architecture, i.e., the fundamental geometry of the links, regardless of their shapes, is still lacking. Attempts have been made to apply the classical paradigms of linkage synthesis for motion generation, as in the Burmester Theory. The problem with this approach is that it relies on a specific task, described in the form of a discrete set of end-effector poses, which kills the very purpose of using robots, namely, their adaptability to a family of tasks. Another approach relies on the minimization of a condition number of the Jacobian matrix over the architectural parameters and the posture variables of the manipulator. This approach is not trouble-free either, for the matrices involved can have entries that bear different units, the matrix singular values thus being of disparate dimensions, which prevents the evaluation of any version of the condition number. As a means to cope with dimensional inhomogeneity, the concept of characteristic length was put forth. However, this concept has been slow in finding acceptance within the robotics community, probably because it lacks a direct geometric interpretation. In this paper the concept is revisited and put forward from a different point of view. In this vein, the concept of homogeneous space is introduced in order to relieve the designer from the concept of characteristic length. Within this space the link lengths are obtained as ratios, their optimum values as well as those of all angles involved being obtained by minimizing a condition number of the dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian. Further, a comparison between the condition number based on the two-norm and that based on the Frobenius norm is provided, where it is shown that the use of the Frobenius norm is more suitable for design purposes. Formulation of the inverse problem—obtaining link lengths—and the direct problem—obtaining the characteristic length of a given manipulator—are described. Finally a geometric interpretation of the characteristic length is provided. The application of the concept to the design and kinetostatic performance evaluation of serial robots is illustrated with examples.