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李延 , 王伟 , 张雷雷 , 等 . PTFE基含能药型罩射流释能特性及影响因素 [J ] . 含能材料 , 2021 , 29 ( 7 ): 617 - 624 .

LI Y , WANG W , ZHANG L L , et al. Jet energy characteristics and influencing factors of the PTFE-based energetic liner [J ] . Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials , 2021 , 29 ( 7 ): 617 - 624 . (in Chinese)

GUO H G , SU C H , CAI Y Q , et al. Reactive jet density distribution effect on its penetration behavior [J ] . Defence Technology , 2022 . http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2022.03.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2022.03.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2022.03.001.

ZHENG Y F , SU C H , GUO H G , et al. Chain damage effects of multi-spaced plates by reactive jet impact [J ] . Defence Technology , 2021 , 17 ( 2 ): 393 - 404 . DOI: 10.1016/j.dt.2020.02.008 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2020.02.008 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2214914719311122 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2214914719311122

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李延 , 王伟 , 张雷雷 , 等 . 聚四氟乙烯基药型罩射流成型凝聚性研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2019 , 40 ( 12 ): 2433 - 2439 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.12.006 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.12.006 聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）基含能药型罩射流成型凝聚性关系到射流侵彻毁伤效果。通过数值模拟和试验验证相结合的方法，对PTFE/Ti/W含能药型罩射流成型特性开展研究。结果表明：含能药型罩与惰性铝罩的射流具有明显差异，由于含能药型罩材料声速较低，爆轰压垮药型罩形成脱体波，导致射流在飞行过程中会呈现径向发散效应，随着药型罩密度增加，射流凝聚性加强；含能侵彻体在成型过程中会不断发生反应膨胀，随着时间的增长，侵彻体轮廓逐渐模糊，密度不断减小；基于惰性材料模型的数值仿真方法能够在一定时间范围内对射流成型进行准确模拟，当侵彻体由于反应而造成的形貌改变不可忽略时，仿真与实际具有一定差距。

LI Y , WANG W , ZHANG L L , et al. Research on jet coherency of PTFE-based energetic liner [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2019 , 40 ( 12 ): 2433 - 2439 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.12.006 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.12.006 The jet cohesiveness of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based energetic liner is related to the penetration and damage effect of jet. The numerical simulation and experimental verification were carried out to study the jet forming characteristics of PTFE/Ti/W energetic liner. The results show that there is a significant difference between the jets of energetic liner and inert aluminum liner. Due to the lower sound speed of energetic liner, the detached shock wave forms in the liner collapsed by the detonation wave, and the jet is radially diverged during flight. As the density of the liner increases, the jet coherency strengthens. The energetic penetrator continuously reacts and expands during forming. The contour of penetrator gradually becomes blurred and the density decreases with time. The numerical simulation method based on the inert material model can be used accurately to simulate the jet forming in a certain time frame. When the shape change caused by the reaction of penetrator cannot be ignored, the simulated results have certain disparity with the actual results. Key

GUO H G , ZHENG Y F , HE S , et al. Reaction characteristic of PTFE-Al-Cu-Pb composites and application in shaped charge liner [J ] . Defence Technology , 2021 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2021.07.009 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2021.07.009 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2021.07.009.

SU C H , GUO H G , ZHENG Y F , et al. Formation behavior and reaction characteristic of a PTFE/Al reactive jet [J ] . Materials , 2022 , 15 : 1268 . DOI: 10.3390/ma15031268 http://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031268 https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/1268 https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/1268 To reveal the expansion phenomenon and reaction characteristics of an aluminum particle filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE/Al) reactive jet during the forming process, and to control the penetration and explosion coupling damage ability of the reactive jet, the temperature and density distribution of the reactive jet were investigated by combining numerical simulation and experimental study. Based on the platform of AUTODYN-3D code, the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm was used to study the evolution behaviors and distribution regularity of the morphology, density, temperature, and velocity field during the formation process of the reactive composite jet. The reaction characteristic in the forming process was revealed by combining the distribution of the high-temperature zone in numerical simulation and the Differential Scanning Calorimeter/Thermo-Gravimetry (DSC/TG) experiment results. The results show that the distribution of the high-temperature zone of the reactive composite jet is mainly concentrated in the jet tip and the axial direction, and the reactive composite jet tip reacts first. Combining the density distribution in the numerical simulation and the pulsed X-ray experimental results, the forming behavior of the reactive composite jet was analyzed. The results show that the reactive composite jet has an obvious expansion effect, accompanied by a significant decrease in the overall density.

XIAO J G , ZHANG X P , GUO Z X , et al. Enhanced damage effects of multi-layered concrete target produced by reactive materials liner [J ] . Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics , 2018 , 43 : 955 - 961 . DOI: 10.1002/prep.v43.9 http://doi.org/10.1002/prep.v43.9 http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/prep.v43.9 http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/prep.v43.9

苏成海 , 王海福 , 谢剑文 , 等 . 活性射流作用混凝土靶侵彻与爆炸效应研究 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2019 , 40 ( 9 ): 1829 - 1835 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.09.008 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.09.008 为分析活性药型罩配方、炸高对混凝土靶毁伤威力影响规律，开展了活性射流作用混凝土靶侵彻与爆炸联合毁伤效应研究。采用实验和数值模拟相结合的方法，对活性射流作用混凝土靶的典型毁伤模式进行探究，给出了配方与炸高对毁伤效应的影响特性。实验结果表明：活性射流作用下，混凝土靶呈现为显著的锥形爆坑和裂纹毁伤效应；气体产物量较高配方的活性射流对混凝土靶产生更强的毁伤效应；在1倍装药直径炸高下，炸坑直径可达10倍装药直径以上。基于有限元分析软件AUTODYN-3D平台开展了活性射流对混凝土靶侵彻与爆炸行为的数值模拟，揭示了炸高对毁伤效应的影响机理：随着炸高的增大，进入侵坑内部的活性材料随之减少，活性射流对混凝土的侵彻深度呈现先增大、后减小的趋势；当炸高为1倍装药直径时，活性射流动能侵彻与爆炸反应延迟匹配较好，侵彻与爆炸联合毁伤威力较强。数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。

SU C H , WANG H F , XIE J W , et al. Penetration and damage effects of reactive material jet against concrete target [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2019 , 40 ( 9 ): 1829 - 1835 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.09.008 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.09.008 The penetration and damage effects of reactive material jet on concrete target are studied through experiment and simulation. The typical damage pattern of concrete target subjected to reactive jet was obtained, and the influences of formulation and stand-off distance on damage effect were studied. The experimental results show that the reactive jet produces a large conical crater and a crack zone in concrete target. The reactive liner with more gaseous products induce more violent damage on the concrete target. The produced crater diameter is over 10 times of the shaped charge diameter at a stand-off distance of 1.0D. Based on the AUTODYN-3D platform, the reactive jet against concrete target is numerically simulated to reveal the influence mechanism of the stand-off distance on the damage effect. With the increase in stand-off distance, the amount of reactive material penetrating into the crater trajectory decreases, and the penetration depth increases firstly and then decreases. The kinetic penetration time and the reaction delay time of reactive materials match well at the stand-off distance of 1.0D. Key

GUO H G , ZHENG Y F , YU Q B , et al. Penetration behavior of reactive liner shaped charge jet impacting steel plates [J ] . International Journal of Impact Engineering , 2019 , 126 : 76 - 84 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2018.12.005 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2018.12.005 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0734743X1830945X https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0734743X1830945X

张昊 , 王海福 , 余庆波 , 等 . 活性射流侵彻钢筋混凝土靶后效超压特性 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2019 , 40 ( 7 ): 1365 - 1372 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.07.005 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.07.005 为研究活性射流侵彻钢筋混凝土靶后效超压效应，采用实验、理论与数值仿真相结合的方法，开展了活性药型罩聚能装药作用钢筋混凝土靶后效超压特性研究。实验结果表明，在聚能装药结构一定条件下，低密度活性射流较高密度活性射流对钢筋混凝土靶的侵彻孔径更大，穿靶后在密闭空间内爆燃产生的冲击波峰值超压更高，且超压-时间曲线呈现出多峰现象。引入虚拟爆炸点的方法，建立了活性射流靶后爆燃超压与高能炸药爆炸等效分析模型，结合AUTODYN-3D有限元分析，得出模型预测的后效超压-时间曲线与实验结果吻合较好，揭示了活性射流在靶后密闭空间内爆燃超压传播规律及多峰现象。

ZHANG H , WANG H F , YU Q B , et al. Aftereffect overpressure of reactive jet perforating into reinforced concrete [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2019 , 40 ( 7 ): 1365 - 1372 . (in Chinese) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.07.005 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.07.005 In order to investigate the aftereffect overpressure characteristics of reactive jet penetrating into reinforced concrete, the experimental, theoretical and numerical simulation methods are used to study the aftereffect overpressure characteristics of reactive liner shaped charge against reinforced concrete. Experimental results show that, for the same shaped charge configuration, the low density reactive jet produces a larger diameter penetration hole on the reinforced concrete and a higher peak overpressure in a closed space compared with the high density reactive jet, and the overpressure-time curves reveal multi-peaks phenomenon. An equivalent model for aftereffect deflagration overpressure of reactive jet and high explosive explosion is developed by using the virtual explosion point method.AUTODYN-3D finite element analysis shows that the predicted aftereffect overpressure-time curves are well agreement with the experimental results, and the propagation characteristics and multi-peaks phenomenon of reactive jet in the closed space are also revealed. Key

张雪朋 , 肖建光 , 余庆波 , 等 . 活性药型罩聚能装药破甲后效超压特性 [J ] . 兵工学报 , 2016 , 37 ( 8 ): 1388 - 1394 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.007 http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.08.007 采用实验研究和理论分析相结合的方法，对活性药型罩聚能装药破甲后效超压特性进行了研究。通过地面静爆实验，测试了活性药型罩聚能装药穿透不同厚度靶板后的内爆超压特性。结果表明，在给定活性药型罩聚能装药结构的条件下，内爆超压随穿靶厚度基本呈抛物线衰减规律。进一步结合准定常理想不可压缩流体力学理论，引入活性材料能量释放激活延时参数，建立了破甲后效超压半经验分析模型。利用该模型预测的活性射流破甲后效超压与实验测试结果吻合较好。分析了活性材料能量释放激活延时对破甲后效超压的影响特性。

ZHANG X P , XIAO J G , YU Q B , et al. Armor penetration aftereffect overpressure produced by reactive material liner shaped charge [J ] . Acta Armamentarii , 2016 , 37 ( 8 ): 1388 - 1394 . (in Chinese)

余庆波 , 郭志荣 , 钟世威 , 等 . 活性射流侵爆耦合毁伤效应分析 [J ] . 北京理工大学学报 , 2021 , 41 ( 5 ): 465 - 473 .

YU Q B , GUO Z R , ZHONG S W , et al. Analysis of penetration and blast combined damage effects of reactive material jet [J ] . Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology , 2021 , 41 ( 5 ): 465 - 473 . (in Chinese)

许世昌 . 双层含能药型罩射流成型机理及侵彻性能研究 [D ] . 南京 : 南京理工大学 , 2015 : 46 - 51 .

XU S C . Studies on the jet formation and penetration property of shaped charge with double layer liners comprised of reactive material [D ] . Nanjing : Nanjing University of Science & Technology , 2015 : 46 - 51 . (in Chinese)

刘润滋 . 含能复合药型罩的技术研究 [D ] . 太原 : 中北大学 , 2016 : 60 - 63 .

LIU R Z . Research on technology of composite liners comprised of reactive material [D ] . Taiyuan : North University of China , 2016 : 60 - 63 . (in Chinese)

WANG H F , GUO H G , YU Q B , et al. Application of reactive materials to double-layered liner shaped charge for enhanced damage to thick steel target [J ] . Materials , 2019 , 12 : 2768 . DOI: 10.3390/ma12172768 http://doi.org/10.3390/ma12172768 https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/17/2768 https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/17/2768 The penetration enhancement behaviors of a reactive material double-layered liner (RM-DLL) shaped charge against thick steel targets are investigated. The RM-DLL comprises an inner copper liner, coupled with an outer PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)/Al reactive material liner, fabricated via a cold pressing/sintering process. This RM-DLL shaped charge presents a novel defeat mechanism that incorporates the penetration capability of a precursor copper jet and the chemical energy release of a follow-thru reactive material penetrator. Experimental results showed that, compared with the single reactive liner shaped charge jet, a deeper penetration depth was produced by the reactive material-copper jet, whereas the penetration performance and reactive material mass entering the penetrated target strongly depended on the reactive liner thickness and standoff. To further illustrate the penetration enhancement mechanism, numerical simulations based on AUTODYN-2D code were conducted. Numerical results indicated that, with increasing reactive liner thickness, the initiation delay time of the reactive materials increased significantly, which caused the penetration depth and the follow-thru reactive material mass to increase for a given standoff. This new RM-DLL shaped charge configuration provides an extremely efficient method to enhance the penetration damage to various potential targets, such as armored fighting vehicles, naval vessels, and concrete targets.

GUO H G , HE S , MA H B , et al. Effect of inner liner material on penetration behavior of reactive material double-layered liner shaped charge [J ] . Journal of Physics: Conference Series , 2020 , 1507 :032005: 1 - 11 .

ZHENG Y F , SU C H , GUO H G , et al. Behind-target rupturing effects of sandwich-like plates by reactive liner shaped charge jet [J ] . Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics , 2019 , 44 : 1 - 11 . DOI: 10.1002/prep.v44.1 http://doi.org/10.1002/prep.v44.1 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15214087/44/1 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15214087/44/1