大口径聚能装药中孔洞缺陷对爆轰波与射流的影响规律

季悦悦; 贾鑫; 葛紫薇; 杨珍应; 宋子骏

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0700

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大口径聚能装药中孔洞缺陷对爆轰波与射流的影响规律

更新时间：2026-05-06

- 大口径聚能装药中孔洞缺陷对爆轰波与射流的影响规律
- Influence of Cavity Defects in Large-diameter Shaped Charges on Detonation Waves and Jets
- 兵工学报 2026年47卷第4期页码：250700
- 作者机构：
  
  南京理工大学机械工程学院，江苏南京 210094
- 作者简介：
  
  通信作者邮箱：jiaxin@mail.njust.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(12372360)
- DOI：10.12382/bgxb.2025.0700
  中图分类号： TJ410.3
- 收稿：2025-07-29，
  
  网络首发：2025-12-25，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04
- 稿件说明：
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季悦悦, 贾鑫, 葛紫薇, 等. 大口径聚能装药中孔洞缺陷对爆轰波与射流的影响规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(4):250700.

JI Yueyue, JIA Xin, GE Ziwei, et al. Influence of Cavity Defects in Large-diameter Shaped Charges on Detonation Waves and Jets[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(4): 250700.
季悦悦, 贾鑫, 葛紫薇, 等. 大口径聚能装药中孔洞缺陷对爆轰波与射流的影响规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2026,47(4):250700. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0700.

JI Yueyue, JIA Xin, GE Ziwei, et al. Influence of Cavity Defects in Large-diameter Shaped Charges on Detonation Waves and Jets[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2026, 47(4): 250700. DOI： 10.12382/bgxb.2025.0700.

摘要

为研究大口径熔铸装药中孔洞缺陷对爆轰波与射流的影响规律，使用仿真软件对装药熔铸过程与射流成型开展分析。对大口径聚能装药熔铸过程进行模拟，发现当浇铸口未偏移时，缺陷主要集中于装药上部和锥角处：上部为大尺寸空腔缩孔与蜂窝状缩松，锥角处为小尺寸孔洞群；当浇铸口偏移时，上部缺陷位置横向偏移。基于上述研究所得缺陷位置，系统分析孔洞缺陷对爆轰波及射流性能的影响。研究结果表明：当孔洞尺寸小于反应区宽度时，爆轰波可跨越缺陷且不受显著影响；小尺寸和中等尺寸孔洞附近，爆轰波压力峰值随着孔洞尺寸的增大而升高；大尺寸孔洞则会引起爆轰波出现次峰值。进一步对存在随机孔洞缺陷的仿真进行研究，发现随着孔洞缺陷比例的增加，射流头部速度增加，尾部速度减小，断裂时间提前；装药左右两侧孔洞占比每相差0.25%，射流偏转角度增大约0.2°～0.5°。

Abstract

To investigate the influence of cavity defects in large-diameter casting explosive on detonation waves and jets

using simulation software to analyze the charge melt-casting process and jet formation. The casting process of a large-diameter shaped charge is simulated. It is found that

when the pouring nozzle is not offset

the defects are primarily concentrated in the upper portion of the charge and at its conical angle:large-sized shrinkage cavities and honeycomb-like shrinkage porosity in the upper portion

and clusters of small-sized cavities at the conical angle. When the pouring nozzle is offset

the defect locations in the upper portion are shifted laterally. Based on the identified defect locations from the aforementioned research

the effects of porosity defects on detonation wave and jet are systematically analyzed. The research results indicate that the detonation wave can traverse the defect without being significantly impacted when pore size is smaller than the width of reaction zone. The pressure peak of detonation wave increases with the incrase in pore size near small and medium-sized cavities. The large-sized cavities induce secondary peaks in the detonation wave. Further simulation study on the randomly distributed cavities reveals that

as the void fraction increases

the jet head velocity rises while the jet tail velocity decreases

and the fracture time of the shaped charge jet advances. For every 0.25% difference in void fraction on the left and right sides of the charge

the deflection angle of jet increases by approximately 0.2° to 0.5°.

关键词

Keywords

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