An Ranging Airburst Correction Algorithm Based on Equivalent Lead

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0222

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to meet the needs of modern urban combat and terminal air defense precision damage,and further improve the ranging accuracy of airburst munitions,the influence mechanism and factors affecting the ranging accuracy by counting the number of projectile revolutions are analyzed and studied using a modified prime ballistic equation.Three levels of nine factors:mass,initial velocity,lead,rotational inertia,temperature,air pressure,humidity,crosswind,and tailwind in the ballistic model are simulated through orthogonal test,revealing that the variations in lead caused by rifling manufacturing tolerances,rifling type,and wear are critical yet overlooked factors in existing ranging algorithms.An equivalent lead calculation method is proposed to address the impact of lead on ranging accuracy.This method defines the equivalent lead as the ratio of projectile velocity to rotational speed,which is calculated using an interior ballistic model.The effects of rifling type and wear are taken into account in the interior ballistic model.Simulations of the interior ballistic model demonstrate that the average difference between the equivalent lead and the theoretical lead is approximately 3%.Furthermore,the accuracy of the equivalent lead is validated through the simulations of the ranging algorithm,showing a significant improvement in accuracy.Specifically,at a fixed distance of 1000m,the use of equivalent lead to determine the number of loading revolutions results in an average increase in ranging accuracy of 32.9m.

Key words: ranging airburst fuze, orthogonal experiment, lead, interior ballistics

CLC Number:

TJ43

GUO Yuxing, TIAN Dongchen, MENG Feiyang, LI Yong, LIU Qiusheng. An Ranging Airburst Correction Algorithm Based on Equivalent Lead[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(11): 250222-.

Figures/Tables 17

References 26

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水平	弹丸质量/g	导程/m	初速/ (m·s^-1)	转动惯量/ (g·m²)	温度/℃	湿度/%	气压/Pa	横风/ (m·s^-1)	纵风/ (m·s^-1)
1	标准值+2	标准值+0.002	标准值+15	标准值+0.0008	标准值+5	标准值+20	标准值+500	标准值+5	标准值+5
2	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值
3	标准值-2	标准值-0.002	标准值-15	标准值-0.0008	标准值-5	标准值-20	标准值-500	标准值-5	标准值-5

水平	弹丸质量/g	导程/m	初速/ (m·s^-1)	转动惯量/ (g·m²)	温度/℃	湿度/%	气压/Pa	横风/ (m·s^-1)	纵风/ (m·s^-1)
1	标准值+2	标准值+0.002	标准值+15	标准值+0.0008	标准值+5	标准值+20	标准值+500	标准值+5	标准值+5
2	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值	标准值
3	标准值-2	标准值-0.002	标准值-15	标准值-0.0008	标准值-5	标准值-20	标准值-500	标准值-5	标准值-5

序号	弹丸质量	导程	初速	转动惯量	温度	气压	湿度	横风	纵风	转数偏差/r
1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	-11.6
2	1	1	1	2	2	2	3	3	3	-8.3
3	1	1	1	3	3	3	2	2	2	-7.3
4	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	+3.7
5	1	2	3	2	3	1	3	1	2	+0.7
6	1	2	3	3	1	2	2	3	1	-0.1
7	1	3	2	1	3	2	1	3	2	+9.7
8	1	3	2	2	1	3	3	2	1	-0.6
9	1	3	2	3	2	1	2	1	3	-0.2
10	2	1	3	1	3	2	3	2	1	+0.9
11	2	1	3	2	1	3	2	1	3	-6
12	2	1	3	3	2	1	1	3	2	+0.7
13	2	2	2	1	1	1	3	3	3	-1.2
14	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	0.0
15	2	2	2	3	3	3	1	1	1	+1.0
16	2	3	1	1	2	3	3	1	2	-0.6
17	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	+5.8
18	2	3	1	3	1	2	1	2	3	-0.8
19	3	1	2	1	2	3	2	3	1	+0.2
20	3	1	2	2	3	1	1	2	3	+0.8
21	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	-9.6
22	3	2	1	1	3	2	2	1	3	+0.1
23	3	2	1	2	1	3	1	3	2	+0.1
24	3	2	1	3	2	1	3	2	1	-4.4
25	3	3	3	1	1	1	2	2	2	+7.0
26	3	3	3	2	2	2	1	1	1	+8.9
27	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	+11.2

序号	弹丸质量	导程	初速	转动惯量	温度	气压	湿度	横风	纵风	转数偏差/r
1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	-11.6
2	1	1	1	2	2	2	3	3	3	-8.3
3	1	1	1	3	3	3	2	2	2	-7.3
4	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	+3.7
5	1	2	3	2	3	1	3	1	2	+0.7
6	1	2	3	3	1	2	2	3	1	-0.1
7	1	3	2	1	3	2	1	3	2	+9.7
8	1	3	2	2	1	3	3	2	1	-0.6
9	1	3	2	3	2	1	2	1	3	-0.2
10	2	1	3	1	3	2	3	2	1	+0.9
11	2	1	3	2	1	3	2	1	3	-6
12	2	1	3	3	2	1	1	3	2	+0.7
13	2	2	2	1	1	1	3	3	3	-1.2
14	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	0.0
15	2	2	2	3	3	3	1	1	1	+1.0
16	2	3	1	1	2	3	3	1	2	-0.6
17	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	+5.8
18	2	3	1	3	1	2	1	2	3	-0.8
19	3	1	2	1	2	3	2	3	1	+0.2
20	3	1	2	2	3	1	1	2	3	+0.8
21	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	-9.6
22	3	2	1	1	3	2	2	1	3	+0.1
23	3	2	1	2	1	3	1	3	2	+0.1
24	3	2	1	3	2	1	3	2	1	-4.4
25	3	3	3	1	1	1	2	2	2	+7.0
26	3	3	3	2	2	2	1	1	1	+8.9
27	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	+11.2

参数	数值	参数	数值
燃速常数	0.0018	装药质量/kg	0.095
弧厚/mm	0.3025	次要功系数	1.15
火药内孔直径/mm	0.215	余容/(dm³·kg^-1)	0.98
燃速指数	0.84	火药力/(kJ·kg^-1)	1050
火药形状特征量λ	0.2052	转动惯量/(g·m²)	0.04852
火药形状特征量χ	0.8268	惯性半径/m	0.011
火药形状特征量μ	-0.0579	药室容积/dm³	0.1175
摩擦系数	0.18	火药密度/(kg·m^-3)	1600
炮膛横断面积/dm²	0.0738	膛线长度/m	2.72
弹丸质量/kg	0.41	渐速段长度/m	2.2