Abstract: The combat capability evaluation of weapon equipment system is significant for its development and operational applications，and the construction of evaluation model is the most critical aspect of combat capability evaluation. The evaluation steps of land force weapon equipment system combat capability were analyzed based on improved structural equation modeling (SEM)，an evaluation index system of weapon equipment system combat capability was constructed，and the SEM was improved by reducing the dimension of multidimensional capability index system of land force weapon equipment system combat capability based on linear weighted sum method. The computational efficiency of SEM is increased，and the fast calculation and comprehensive evaluation of combat capability is realized by using the improved SEM. The entropy weight method and the analytic hierarchy process method are used to calculate the weight of aggregation index in the improved SEM，and the capability evaluation results of two kinds of weight aggregation indexes participating in the improved SEM are compared with those of SEM. The simulated results show that the change trends of the evaluated results are basically the same，thus validating and analyzing the accuracy and timeliness of the improved SEM.

Key words: weaponequipmentsystemcombatcapability, indexsystem, linearweightedsum, comprehensiveevaluation, structuralequationmodel