Experimental and Numerical Research on Motion Characteristics of a Small Caliber Bullet in Muzzle Flows

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.02.006

Abstract

Abstract: The study on the motion characteristics of bullet in muzzle flow field is of great practical signi- ficance to the better understanding of the effect of muzzle flow on a bullet, and it also has a realistic meaning for improving the firing accuracy of weapon systems. The high-speed photography and shadowgraph method are used to study the motion characteristics of 5.8 mm bullet in the muzzle flow field. Based on chamber pressure data observed in experiment, the force and motion of bullet in muzzle flow field are studied by using coupled interior ballistic computational fluid dynamics method. The experimental result shows that the clear flow field and bullet motion can be captured by using the designed test scheme; the numerical calculation indicates that the motion of bullet in the muzzle flow field is not always accelerated. The effects of the coronal air mass and the core jet of propellant gas are the main cause to lead to the change in bullet velocity. At the moment of axial force conversion, there is still shock wave at the bottom of the bullet. Key

Key words: smallcaliberbullet, muzzleflowfield, aftereffectperiod, shadowgraphmethod

CLC Number:

CHEN Chuanlin， HUANG Chenlei， XU Hui， LI Zhongxin， WU Zhilin. Experimental and Numerical Research on Motion Characteristics of a Small Caliber Bullet in Muzzle Flows[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(2): 265-275.

References

［1］ GLASS I I. Shock waves and man［M］. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies, 1974:35-42.
［2］ KLINGENBERG G, SCHRDER G A. Investigation of combustion phenomena associated with the flow of hot propellant gases-II: gas velocity measurements by laser-induced gas breakdown［J］. Combustion & Flame, 1976, 27(C): 177-187.
［3］ KLINGENBERG G. Investigation of combustion phenomena associated with the flow of hot propellant gases. III: experimental survey of the formation and decay of muzzle flow fields and of pressure measurements［J］. Combustion & Flame, 1977, 29(3): 289-309.
［4］ STEWARD B J, GROSS K C, PERRAM G P. Optical characterization of large caliber muzzle blast waves［J］. Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics, 2011, 36(6): 564-575.
［5］ FRIEDMAN E M, HUDGINS J H E. Throw-off of projectile at muzzle［R］. Dover, NJ, US: Picatinny Arsenal, 1976.
［6］ CARLUCCI D E, FRYDMAN A M, CORDES J A. Mathematical description of projectile shot exit dynamics (set-forward)［J］. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2013, 80(3): 979-985.
［7］李鸿志，姜孝海. 弹道实验图集［R］. 南京：南京理工大学瞬态物理国家重点实验室, 2009.
LI H Z，JIANG X H. The album of experimental ballistics［R］. Nanjing: National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2009.(in Chinese)
［8］郭则庆，王杨，姜孝海，等. 小口径武器膛口流场可视化实验［J］. 实验流体力学. 2012, 26(2): 46-50.
GUO Z Q, WANG Y, JIANG X H, et al. Visual experiment on the muzzle flow of the small caliber gun［J］. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics，2012, 26(2): 46-50.(in Chinese)
［9］王宝元，董文祥，邵小军，等. 弹丸后效期时间和距离测量方法［J］. 兵工学报，2013, 34(10): 1329-1333.
WANG B Y，DONG W X，SHAO X J, et al. A method for measuring the after-effect duration and operating range of projectiles［J］. Acta Armamentarii，2013，34(10)：1329-1333. (in Chinese)

［10］ JIANG X H, FAN B C, LI H Z. Numerical investigations on dynamic process of muzzle flow［J］. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics，2008, 29(3): 351-360.
［11］代淑兰，许厚谦，肖忠良. 带制退器的膛口燃烧流场并行数值模拟［J］. 弹道学报，2009, 21(4): 84-87.
DAI S L, XU H Q, XIAO Z L. Numerical simulation of muzzle combustion flow field with brake by parallel computation［J］ Journal of Ballistics，2009, 21(4): 84-87.(in Chinese)
［12］郭则庆，王杨，姜孝海，等. 膛口初始流场对火药燃气流场影响的数值研究［J］. 兵工学报，2012, 33(6): 663-668.
GUO Z Q, WANG Y, JIANG X H，et al. Numerical study on effects of precursor flow on muzzle propellant flow field［J］. Acta Armamentarii，2012, 33(6): 663-668.（in Chinese）
［13］郭则庆，姜孝海，王杨. 后效期火药燃气加速弹丸的数值研究［J］. 高压物理学报，2012, 26(5): 564-570.
GUO Z Q, JIANG X H, WANG Y. Numerical investigation on acceleration of projectile in post-effect period［J］. Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics，2012, 26(5): 564-570.(in Chinese)
［14］郁伟，朱斌，张小兵. 耦合内弹道过程的膛口流场数值模拟与分析［J］. 南京理工大学学报，2009, 33(3): 335-338，343.
YU W, ZHU B，ZHANG X B. Numerical simulation and analysis of muzzle flow field coupling with interior ballistic process［J］. Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology，2009, 33(3): 335-338,343.(in Chinese)
［15］郁伟. 小口径多管转管火炮膛口流场数值模拟与分析［D］. 南京：南京理工大学, 2012.
YU W. Numerical simulation and analysis of the muzzle flow the small caliber multiple revolving barrels gun firing［D］. Nanjing：Nanjing University of Science and Technology，2012.(in Chinese)
［16］ ZHANG X B, YU W. Aerodynamic analysis of projectile in gun system firing process［J］. Journal of Applied Mechanics,2010, 77(5): 769-775.
［17］ YU W. Numerical simulation and analysis of the muzzle flow during the revolving barrel gun firing［J］. Journal of Applied Mechanics，2013, 80(3): 031602.1-031602.6.
［18］ QIN Q Y, ZHANG X B. Numerical investigation on combustion in muzzle flows using an inert gas labeling method［J］. International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer，2016, 101: 91-103.
［19］周鹏，曹从咏，董浩. 高压气体发射装置内弹道特性及膛口流场分析［J］. 兵工学报，2016, 37(9): 1612-1616.
ZHOU P, CAO C Y, DONG H. Analysis of interior ballistic characteristics and muzzle flow field of high-pressure gas launcher［J］. Acta Armamentarii，2016, 37(9): 1612-1616.(in Chinese)
［20］郭则庆. 膛口流场动力学机理数值研究［D］. 南京：南京理工大学, 2012.
GUO Z Q. Numerical investigations on the dynamics mechanism of muzzle flow［D］. Nanjing：Nanjing University of Science and Technology，2012.(in Chinese)
［21］李子杰，陈健伟，王浩，等. 大口径超高速平衡炮膛口流场特性分析［J］. 推进技术，2017, 38(5): 992-997.
LI Z J，CHEN J W，WANG H，et al. Characteristic analysis of muzzle flow fields induced by large diameter ultra-high speed balanced gun［J］. Journal of Propulsion Technology，2017, 38(5): 992-997.(in Chinese)
［22］郭则庆，乔海涛，姜孝海. 内埋式航炮膛口流场特性数值模拟研究［J］. 兵工学报，2017, 38(12): 2373-2378.
GUO Z Q，QIAO H T，JIANG X H. Numerical simulation on the characteristic of muzzle flow field of embedded aircraft gun［J］. Acta Armamentarii，2017, 38(12): 2373-2378. (in Chinese)
［23］ SCHMIDT E M, SHEAR D D. Optical measurements of muzzle blast［J］. AIAA Journal，1975, 13(8): 1086-1091.
［24］李子杰，王浩，陈健伟. 超高速弹丸膛口流场结构分析［J］. 哈尔滨工业大学学报. 2017, 49(10): 53-59.
LI Z J，WANG H，CHEN J W. The muzzle flow field induced by hyper-velocity projectile［J］. Journal of Harbin institute of Technology, 2017, 49(10): 53-59.(in Chinese)
［25］张小兵. 枪炮内弹道学［M］. 北京：北京理工大学出版社, 2014: 109-110.
ZHANG X B. Interior ballistics of guns［M］. Beijing：Beijing Institute of Technology Press, 2014: 109-110.(in Chinese)

第40卷第2期
2019 年2月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.40No.2Feb.2019

[1]	WANG Danyu, NAN Fengqiang, LIAO Xin, XIAO Zhongliang, DU Ping, WANG Binbin. Characteristics of Muzzle Flow Field of Large Caliber Gun Considering Chemical Reaction [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(8): 1624-1630.
[2]	YOU Peng， ZHOU Kedong， HE Lei， MIAO Huanju. Characteristics of Muzzle Jet Noise Field Including Moving Bullet of a Pistol [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(12): 2597-2605.
[3]	ZHANG Jinghui, YU Yonggang. Numerical Investigation on Evolutionary Characteristics of Muzzle Flow Field of Ballistic Gun during Underwater Submerged Firing [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(3): 471-480.
[4]	PANG Chunqiao， TAO Gang， LI Zhao， WEN Peng， REN Baoxiang， LI Zhiyu. Dynamic Unbalance Impulse Charecteristics of a Light Recoilless Rifle [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2020, 41(12): 2424-2431.
[5]	ZHOU Mengdi， CAO Congyong， QIAN Linfang. Research on Prediction Theoretical Model of Projectile Base Pressure during Aftereffect Period [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(6): 1304-1309.
[6]	DU Pei-pei， LU Jun-yong， FENG Jun-hong， LI Xiang-ping. Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Flow Field during Dynamic Launching of Electromagnetic Rail Launcher Based onOverlapping Multi-block Structured Mesh [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(2): 234-244.
[7]	ZHANG Xin-wei, YU Yong-gang, MANG Shan-shan. Numerical Analysis of Influence of Charge Parameters on Flow Field around Sealed Muzzle of Underwater Machine Gun [J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2018, 39(1): 18-27.