基于激光选区熔化技术炮闩击发推杆应急构型设计

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2023.0683

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对战时利用激光选区熔化技术直接制备炮闩原件存在制造时间较长的问题,提出一种基于激光选区熔化技术的炮闩击发推杆应急构型设计方法。采用有限元仿真技术和冲击试验,研究点阵结构的抗冲击性能以及点阵结构应用于应急构型设计的可行性。通过静力学仿真方法设计分体式击发推杆应急构型,设计力学性能试验校验其力学性能和服役性能是否满足使用要求。研究结果表明:体心立方(Body-Centered Cubic,BCC)、加Z向杆的体心立方(Body-Centered Cubic with Z-rod,BCC_Z)、面心立方(Face-Centred Cubic,F₂CC)、加Z向杆的面心立方(Face-Centered Cubic with Z-rod,F₂CC_Z)4种点阵结构中,BCC_Z综合性能更优异,抗冲击性能较好;与原击发推杆相比,应急构型击发推杆制造时间减少21.56%,体积缩减25.65%,最大冲击载荷降低32.14%,完成100次反复开关闩实装测试实验后应急构型击发推杆表面无明显磨损,具有良好的服役性能,能够满足使用要求,验证了用于战场抢修需求的应急构型击发推杆设计方法的有效性。

关键词: 炮闩, 击发推杆, 激光选区熔化技术, 点阵结构, 应急制造

Abstract:

It takes a long time to manufacture the breechblock firing pushrods by using the selective laser melting technology in wartime. An emergency configuration design method of breechblock firing pushrod based on the selective laser melting technology is proposed. The impact resistance of lattice structure and the feasibility of applying it to emergency configuration design are studied by finite element simulation and impact test. An emergency configuration of split firing pushrod is designed by using a static simulation method, and a mechanical performance test is designed to verify whether its mechanical properties and service performance meet the requirements. The results show that, among the four lattice structures of body-centered cubic (BCC), body-centered cubic with Z-rod (BCC_Z), face-centered cubic (F₂CC) and face-centeredcubic with Z-rod (F₂CC_Z), BCC_Z has better comprehensive performance and better impact resistance. Compared with the original firing pushrod, the manufacturing time of the emergency configuration firing pushrod is reduced by 21.56%, its volume is reduced by 25.65%, and the maximum impact load is reduced by 32.14%. After 100 times of repeated switch latch test experiments, there is no obvious wear on the surface of the emergency configuration firing pushrod, which has good service performance and meets the requirements of use. The effectiveness of the design method of the emergency configuration firing pushrod for battlefield repair is verified.

Key words: breechblock, firing pushrod, selective laser melting, lattice structure, emergency manufacture

中图分类号:

TJ33

贾长治, 沈晓龙, 程阳洋, 宜亚丽, 吴萌蕾, 金贺荣. 基于激光选区熔化技术炮闩击发推杆应急构型设计[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(9): 3044-3055.

JIA Changzhi, SHEN Xiaolong, CHENG Yangyang, YI Yali, WU Menglei, JIN Herong. Emergency Configuration Design of Breechblock Firing Mechanism Based on Selective Laser Melting Technology[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(9): 3044-3055.

图/表 26

图1 击发推杆分体式设计

Fig.1 Split design of firing pushrod

表1 316L不锈钢材料参数

Table 1 316L stainless material parameters

抗拉强度/MPa	屈服强度/MPa	泊松比	位移上限/mm
703	576	0.3	0.5

表2 316L不锈钢动态本构模型参数

Table 2 Dynamic constitutive model parameters of 316L stainless steel

ρ₀/ (kg·m^-3)	E/ GPa	μ	A/ GPa	B/ GPa	C	m	n
7900	180	0.3	0.492	0.812	0.0124	0.91	0.99

图2 4种点阵单元

Fig.2 Four lattice elements

图3 模型网格划分

Fig.3 Model meshing

图4 模型边界条件

Fig.4 Model boundary conditions

图5 4种点阵结构位移云图

Fig.5 Displacement nephogram of four lattice structures

图6 4种点阵结构应力云图

Fig.6 Stress nephogram of four lattice structures

图7 冲击锤头载荷-位移曲线图

Fig.7 Displacement-load curve of impact hammer

图8 4种点阵结构冲击试件

Fig.8 Four kinds of lattice structure impact specimens

图9 点阵样件冲击断裂图

Fig.9 Impact fracture diagram of lattice specimens

图10 4种点阵结构冲击载荷-位移曲线

Fig.10 Impact load-displacement curves of four lattice structures

图11 原实体击发推杆静力学分析云图

Fig.11 Static analysis nephogram of entity firing pushrod

图12 点阵结构冲击头优化前后位移云图

Fig.12 Displacement nephograms of lattice structure impact head before and after optimization

图13 底座优化后位移和应力云图

Fig.13 Base displacement and stree nephograms aftervoptimization

图14 应急构型击发推杆位移云图

Fig.14 Displacement nephogram of emergency configuration firing pushrod

表3 击发推杆制备

Table 3 Preparation of firing putter

类型		高度/ mm	体积/ mm³	时间/ min
应急构型击发推杆	冲击头	15.5	573.5	131
	底座	49.0	6064.5
击发推杆原件		67.5	8927.7	167

图15 击发推杆样件

Fig.15 Firing pushrod sample

图16 冲击头冲击形貌(左为整体形貌图,右为垫块翘曲角度图)

Fig.16 Impact morphology of impact head (left: the overall morphology diagram, right: cushion warping angle diagram)

图17 点阵结构与实体结构冲击头载荷-位移曲线

Fig.17 Load-displacement curves of impact heads of lattice structure and solid structure

图18 击发推杆压缩形貌

Fig.18 Compression morphology of firing push rod

图19 击发推杆压缩试验载荷-位移曲线图

Fig.19 Load-displacement curve of pushrod compression test

图20 点阵结构剪切断裂形貌

Fig.20 Shear fracture morphology of lattice structure

图21 压缩试样SEM断裂形貌

Fig.21 SEM fracture morphology of compression specimen

图22 击发推杆实装验证平台

Fig.22 Firing pushrod assembly verification platform

图23 击发推杆磨损形貌

Fig.23 Wear morphology of firing pushrod

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