偏心药型罩在D型装药中的设计及成型性能研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0781

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为改进整体式多爆炸成型弹丸(Multiple Explosively Formed Projectile,MEFP)战斗部中位于边缘位置处的药型罩口部闭合较差的问题,设计一种沿周向壁厚不同的偏心药型罩。将该药型罩应用于D型装药结构战斗部中,通过理论分析以及数值仿真方法,针对药型罩较厚一侧朝向和偏心距大小对药型罩成型的影响规律进行研究,开展爆炸成型弹丸(Explosively Formed Projectile,EFP)软回收试验。研究结果表明:偏心药型罩较厚侧朝向及偏心距大小对EFP各方向速度基本无影响,对EFP成型效果影响较大;药型罩较厚侧朝向战斗部中心时成型效果最佳;偏心距的大小能够调整药型罩周围微元向中心压合的速度差,改善药型罩口部包合情况;试验中回收到的EFP成型结果与仿真结果吻合度较高;偏心药型罩通过调整药型罩壁厚与爆轰波强度的匹配关系能够改善非对称爆轰下EFP的成型,有效解决D型装药结构MEFP战斗部位于边缘位置处药型罩成型较差的问题,为整体式MEFP战斗部边缘位置处药型罩结构设计提供参考。

关键词: 多爆炸成型弹丸, 偏心药型罩, 偏心距, 爆炸成型弹丸软回收

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of poor closure of liner mouth at the edge in the integrated multiple explosively formed projectile (MEFP) warhead, an eccentric liner with different wall thickness along the circumferential direction is designed. The liner is applied to a D-shaped charge structure warhead. The effects of the thick-side orientation and eccentricity of liner on liner forming are studied through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The soft recovery experiment of explosively formedprojectile(EFP) was carried out. The results show that the thick-side orientation and eccentricity of eccentric liner have little effect on the velocity of EFP in each direction, but have a great influence on the EFP forming effect. The forming effect is best when the thick-side of liner is oriented to the center of the warhead. The size of eccentricity can adjust the speed difference of the micro element around the liner to the center, and improve the wrapping situation of liner mouth. And the test result of EFP is in good agreement with the simulated result. The eccentric liner can optimize the formation of EFP under oblique detonation by adjusting the matching relationship between the thickness of liner and detonation intensity. It can effectively solve the problem of poor shape of liner when the MEFP warhead with D-shaped charge structure is located at the edge. It provides reference for the structure design of liner at the edge of the integrated MEFP warhead.

Key words: multiple explosively formed projectile, eccentric liner, offset distance, explosively formed projectile soft recovery

中图分类号:

TJ410.3

高鹏, 王芳, 汪聪, 牛文煜. 偏心药型罩在D型装药中的设计及成型性能研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(3): 720-730.

GAO Peng, WANG Fang, WANG Cong, NIU Wenyu. Design and Forming Performance of Eccentric Liner in D-shaped Charge[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(3): 720-730.

图/表 24

图1 文献[13]战斗部的EFP成型结果

Fig.1 Forming result of EFP in Ref.[13]

图2 文献[16]中的战斗部结构

Fig.2 Warhead structure in Ref.[16]

表1 文献[16]中优化后药型罩成型结果

Table 1 Formed shapes of EFPs after optimizing the liners in Ref.[16]

图3 药型罩微元作用示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the action of the liner’s microelement

图4 偏心起爆药型罩微元作用示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the action of the liner’s microelement under eccentric initiation

图5 偏心起爆药型罩微元汇聚示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of the convergence of the microelements of liner under eccentric initiation

图6 文献[18]中的药型罩结构

Fig.6 The structure of liner in Ref.[18]

图7 偏心药型罩剖面图

Fig.7 Sectional view of eccentric liner

图8 战斗部结构示意图

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of warhead structure

图9 偏心药型罩结构示意图

Fig.9 Structure diagram of eccentric liner

图10 药型罩排布示意图

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of liners arrangement

表2 爆轰波在D型装药内传播过程

Table 2 Propagation of detonation wave in D-shaped charge

图11 EFP成型对比

Fig.11 EFP forming comparison

表3 不同朝向下EFP速度统计

Table 3 EFP velocity statistics in different orientations

EFP速度	位置A	位置B	位置C
v_x/(m·s^-1)	84	80	94
v_y/(m·s^-1)	1721	1723	1717
v_z/(m·s^-1)	36	41	46

图12 偏心药型罩朝向

Fig.12 Orientation of eccentric liners

表4 不同组别偏心距统计

Table 4 Statistical table of eccentricity of different groups

序号	1	2	3	4	5	6
偏心距l₀/mm	0	0.3	0.6	0.9	1.2	1.5

表5 不同偏心距下药型罩成型结果

Table 5 Forming results of liners with different eccentricities

图13 不同偏心距下药型罩两微元速度差值

Fig.13 Velocity difference between two micro-elements of the liner with different eccentricities

表6 不同偏心距下EFP速度

Table 6 EFP velocity statistics under different eccentricitiesm/s

偏心距/mm	2号药型罩	3号药型罩	4号药型罩
0	1 980	1 794	1 721
0.3	1 970	1 736	1 712
0.6	1 975	1 744	1 719
0.9	1 977	1 743	1 719
1.2	1 976	1 741	1 715
1.5	1 974	1 744	1 714

表7 仿真结果对比

Table 7 Comparison of simulated results

图14 回收装置布置

Fig.14 Arrangement of recovery device

表8 EFP在回收介质中理论计算速度衰减情况

Table 8 Theoretically calculated velocity attenuation of EFP in recycled media

介质	密度/(kg·m^-3)	长度/m	存速/(m·s^-1)
空气(到回收介质前)	1.29	3.0	1773
聚苯乙烯颗粒	32	3.9	1089
自然堆积珍珠岩粉	90	1.3	689
踩实珍珠岩粉	120	1.3	375
纤维板	770	1.7	0

图15 EFP成型结果图

Fig.15 The result diagram of EFP forming

图16 试验结果(左)与仿真结果(右)对比

Fig.16 Comparison between experimental (left) and simulatedi results (right)

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