全附体潜航器螺旋桨桨叶损伤故障辨识机理

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.12.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全附体潜航器智能故障诊断需要以完善的故障数据集为基础，而有些工况下典型故障数据很难获得，可通过数值仿真得到。基于流体基本原理，求解三维非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程和湍流封闭方程，获得均匀来流条件下桨叶损伤对全附体潜航器扰动流场与力矩波动的影响。结合场强分析归纳出桨叶损伤特征与其流场演化、流体动力学特征之间的耦合作用机理。结果表明：相对于黏性力压差力的影响起主导作用，压力矩的波动可以分为低频大幅度振荡和高频小幅度振荡，前者频率取决于尾涡脱体频率，后者频率则与螺旋桨转动频率一致；桨叶推力的偏心位置决定了压力矩系数平衡线相对零位置的偏移量，而俯仰和偏航力矩的相位差则反映了桨叶的对称性，相位差越小、桨叶的对称性越强；结合黏性力矩的变化，可以推测出桨叶损伤类型；所得研究成果可为下一阶段实现潜航器姿态的在线监控以及智能故障诊断奠定理论基础。

关键词: 全附体潜航器, 螺旋桨, 桨叶损伤, 故障辨识, 耦合机理

Abstract: The intelligent fault diagnosis should be based on a perfect sample database，which must contain enough sampled data obtained from different working conditions. But many faults，especially in some special conditions，cannot be gained by experiments or practical samplings，so they need to be accumulated through numerical simulations. Based on the basic fluid principle，the influence of blade damage on the flow field and moments fluctuation of fully appendage underwater vehicle under uniform flow is obtained by solving the three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds average N-S equations and turbulent flow closed equations. The coupling mechanism between blade damage characteristics，propulsion efficiency and hull dynamics characteristics is concluded by field strength analysis. The results show that the pressure plays a leading role on total moment compared with the viscous force. The fluctuation of pressure moment can be divided into a large-amplitude low-frequency oscillation and a small-amplitude high-frequency oscillation. The frequency for the former oscillation mostly depends on the detached vortex frequency，and the frequency for the high frequency oscillation is consistent with the propeller rotation frequency. For the large amplitude oscillation of pressure moment coefficient，the thrust eccentric position of blade determines the offset of the balance line relative to the zero position. The phase difference between pitch and yaw moments reflects the symmetry of blade，and the smaller the phase difference is，the stronger the symmetry of blade will be. The blade damage types are predicted from the change of viscosity moment.

Key words: fullappendagesubmarine, propeller, bladedamage, faultidentification, couplingmechanism

中图分类号:

O351.2

刘宗凯，刘满红，郭正阳，李占江. 全附体潜航器螺旋桨桨叶损伤故障辨识机理[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(12): 2710-2721.

LIU Zongkai， LIU Manhong， GUO Zhengyang， LI Zhanjiang. Identification Mechanisms for Damage Characteristics of Fully Appendage Submarine Propeller[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(12): 2710-2721.

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