气溶胶环境影响下连续波激光引信回波特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2021.03.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 激光引信具有定距精度高、抗电磁干扰的优点，但其易受烟尘等气溶胶粒子的干扰。基于蒙特卡洛仿真方法研究连续波激光引信在气溶胶干扰环境下回波信号特性。构建气溶胶粒子各种散射作用下连续波激光回波信号模型，包含粒子后向散射信号、经粒子散射的目标信号与目标回波信号3种类型，模型中的气溶胶消光系数和散射系数根据光子的空间位置坐标、气溶胶浓度分布和粒径分布而动态变化。分析不同浓度条件下信号时频域特性、信噪比等特性与激光波长、气溶胶粒子粒径等因素间的关系。仿真及实物实验结果表明：在气溶胶低浓度条件下，回波信号谱峰集中于与目标距离相关的频率处，并未出现干扰谱峰；当浓度超过中度条件时，既存在目标谱峰也存在干扰谱峰；达到重度干扰时，干扰谱峰则可能会强于目标谱峰；随着气溶胶浓度增加，信号信噪比降低；对于400～1 100 nm波长范围的激光，粒子粒径分布在20～100 μm时信噪比相对较高。

关键词: 激光引信, 调频连续波激光, 气溶胶, 散射

Abstract: The laser fuze has the advantages of high ranging accuracy and resistance to electromagnetic interference, but it is susceptible to interference from aerosol particles such as smoke and dust. The echo signal characteristics of continuous wave (CW) laser fuze under aerosol interference were studied based on Monte Carlo simulation method. A CW laser echo signal model under the action of aerosol particles is constructed, which includes backscattering signal, target signal scattered by particles and target echo signal. The extinction coefficient and scattering coefficient of aerosol in the model could vary dynamically with the position of photons, the aerosol concentration distribution, and the aerosol particle size distribution. The echo signal in aerosol environment was simulated. The relationship among the characteristics of signal time frequency domain, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and laser wavelength, aerosol particle sizes at different aerosol concentrations was analyzed. Simulated and experimental results show that the echo signal characteristics are related to the concentration of aerosol. At low aerosol concentration, the spectral peak of echo signal is concentrated at the frequency related to the target distance, and there is no spectral peak of interference. When the aerosol concentration exceeds the moderate condition, both the target spectrum peak and the interference spectrum peak exist. And when the heavy interference is reached, the interference spectrum peak may be stronger than the target spectrum peak. The SNR decreases with the increase in aerosol concentration. For the laser with the wavelength range of 400-1 100 nm, when the particle size distribution is 20-100 μm, the SNR is relatively high.

Key words: laserfuze, frequencymodulatedcontinuouswavelaser, aerosol, scattering

中图分类号:

TJ43⁺9.2

宋承天，张垚彦，刘强，刘博虎. 气溶胶环境影响下连续波激光引信回波特性[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(3): 499-510.

SONG Chengtian, ZHANG Yaoyan, LIU Qiang, LIU Bohu. Echo Characteristics of Continuous Wave Laser Fuze in Aerosol Environment[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2021, 42(3): 499-510.

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