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兵工学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 1327-1330.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

铝粉形态学特征对Al/KClO4燃烧性能的影响

崔庆忠, 焦清介, 彭晨光   

  1. (北京理工大学 爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室, 北京 100081)
  • 收稿日期:2010-03-01 修回日期:2010-03-01 上线日期:2014-05-04
  • 通讯作者: 崔庆忠 E-mail:cqz1969@bit.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:崔庆忠(1969—),男,高级工程师,博士
  • 基金资助:
    国防重点预先研究项目(812975090017341040)

The Influence of Morphology of Al Powder on Combustion Performance of Al/KClO4 Composition

CUI Qing-zhong, JIAO Qing-jie, PENG Chen-guang   

  1. (State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)
  • Received:2010-03-01 Revised:2010-03-01 Online:2014-05-04
  • Contact: CUI Qing-zhong E-mail:cqz1969@bit.edu.cn

摘要: 铝粉形态学特征是影响含铝点火药燃烧性能的关键因素。采用差示扫描量热法研究了不同形貌和粒度的铝粉在Al/ KClO4点火药体系的热分解行为及燃烧反应机理,得到了体系晶形转化、熔化、界面液相反应、气相氧化4个阶段的热分解反应方程式;从热分解温度、燃烧热、燃烧速度3个方面,分析了铝粉形态学特征对点火药燃烧性能的影响,得到了体系热分解动力学规律。结果表明:Al/KClO4体系的燃烧控制反应是原子化铝与熔融态KClO4发生的界面氧化反应,铝粉形态学特征对点火药燃烧效应影响的实质是由粒度和形貌引起的表面束缚能变化:铝粉比表面积大、表面缺陷多,导致表面束缚能低,宏观上表现为热分解温度低,燃烧速度快,热效应强。

关键词: 物理化学, Al/KClO4, 形态学特征, 点火药, 热分析, 燃烧性能

Abstract: The morphology of aluminium powder has a great effect on the combustion performance of aluminized compositions. The thermal behavior and burning performance of Al/KClO4 composition which containes different types of aluminium powder were investigated by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the thermal decomposition equations of crystal shape conversion, melting, interfacial liquid phase reaction, and gas phase oxidation reaction were concluded. The influence of morphology on combustion performance was studied from the aspect of decomposition temperature, combustion heat and rate, and the thermal decomposition mechanisms of compositions were concluded. The results shows that the dominant reaction of compositions was an interfacial oxidation reaction of atomic Al with molten KClO4.

Key words: physical chemistry, Al/KClO4, morphology, ignition composition, thermal analysis, combustion performance

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