飞射物撞击预应力钢筋混凝土靶板试验研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2024.0858

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以大飞机撞击为应用研究背景,开展飞射物撞击预应力钢筋混凝土靶板试验研究。采用1:6的几何缩比率,设计与飞射物等效的缩比样品和预应力钢筋混凝土靶板,采用有限元分析软件构建碰撞模型,计算不同速度下2种结构缩比样品对靶板的撞击毁伤效果。采用气炮进行实物加载试验,通过与仿真计算结果进行分析对比,获得2种结构缩比样品对200mm厚预应力钢筋混凝土的临界侵彻速度。所得结果可为直观预判/评估核电厂预应力钢筋混凝土安全壳冲击响应和破坏模式提供基础数据,也可为原型碰撞试验方案提供设计参考和依据。

关键词: 钢筋混凝土靶板, 飞射物, 侵彻撞击, 预应力, 毁伤效果

Abstract:

Based on the application research background of large aircraft impact,the experimental research is conducted on the impact of flying object on a prestressed reinforced concrete target plate.The scaled samples equivalent to flying object and prestressed reinforced concrete target plates are designed using a geometric scaling ratio of 1:6.Finite element analysis software is used to construct the collision models and calculate the impact damage effects of two scaled samples with different structures on the target plate at different speeds.A physical loading test is conducted using an air cannon,and the critical penetration velocity of two scaled samples on 200mm thick prestressed reinforced concrete is obtained by comparing the test results with simulated results.This provides basic data for intuitive prediction/evaluation of the impact response and failure mode of prestressed reinforced concrete containment in nuclear power plants,and also provides design references and basis for prototype collision test schemes.

Key words: reinforced concrete target plate, flying object, penetration impact, pre-stress, damage effect

董军, 蒋迪, 孙亮, 宋孟燕, 陈飞, 刘蒙莎, 任义珂. 飞射物撞击预应力钢筋混凝土靶板试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(S2): 176-185.

DONG Jun, JIANG Di, SUN Liang, SONG Mengyan, CHEN Fei, LIU Mengsha, REN Yike. Experimental Research on the Impact of Flying Object on Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Target Plates[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(S2): 176-185.

图/表 24

图1 平头实心圆柱体飞射物

Fig.1 Flat headed solid cylindrical flying object

图2 平头空心圆柱体飞射物

Fig.2 Flat headed hollow cylinder flying object

表1 普通C50混凝土的配制要求

Table 1 Preparation requirements for ordinary C50 concrete

混凝土轴心抗压强度标准值/ (N·mm^-2)	粗骨料最大粒径/mm	级配要求	水泥品种	最大水胶比	最小胶凝材料用量/ (kg·m^-3)
32.4(混规)	15	连续级配	普通硅酸盐水泥	0.45	320

图3 模拟飞射物侵彻能力预估

Fig.3 Prediction of penetration ability of simulated flying object

图4 靶板中的预应力钢绞线布局示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of prestressed steel strand layout in target plate

图5 飞射物模型

Fig.5 Flying object model

图6 预应力钢筋混泥土靶板模型

Fig.6 Prestressed reinforced concrete target plate model

图7 飞射物在135m/s速度下对靶板的侵深计算

Fig.7 Penetration depth of flying object impacting on the target plate at 135m/s

图8 飞射物在167 m/s速度下穿透靶板后的余速变化

Fig.8 The residual velocity of flying object after penetrating the target plate at 167 m/s

图9 飞射物在195m/s速度下穿透靶板后的余速变化

Fig.9 The residual velocity of flying object after penetrating the target plate at 195m/s

图10 飞射物在244m/s速度下穿透靶板后的余速变化

Fig.10 The residual velocity of flying object after penetrating the target plate at 244m/s

图11 飞射物在136m/s速度下对靶板的侵深计算

Fig.11 Penetration depth of flying object impacting on the target plate at 136m/s

图12 飞射物在192m/s速度下穿透靶板后的余速变化

Fig.12 The residual velocity of flying object after penetrating the target plate at 192m/s

图13 飞射物在229m/s速度下穿透靶板后的余速变化

Fig.13 The residual velocity of flying object after penetrating the target plate at 229m/s

图14 弹托与飞射物装配设计图

Fig.14 Assembly design diagram of sabot and flying object

图15 弹托与飞射物装配实物图

Fig.15 Physical assembly of sabot and flying object

表2 测试项目及其测试方法

Table 2 Test items and their testing methods

测试项目	测试内容	目的	测试方法
撞靶速度	飞射物撞靶速度	测试飞射物是否按规定速度撞靶	激光测速法
出靶速度	飞射物出靶速度	测试飞射物的出靶速度	加固靶网测试法
撞靶姿态	飞射物撞靶姿态	分析飞射物是否按规定姿态着靶	高速摄像系统
飞射物变形情况	飞射物的变形	分析飞射物撞靶后的变形损伤情况	试验后人工观察和测量
靶板毁伤效果	靶板毁伤参数	分析靶板的破坏模式、毁伤区域及裂纹尺寸	试验后人工观察和测量

图16 激光测速系统工作原理

Fig.16 Laser speed measurement system

图17 靶网外形

Fig.17 Shape of target plate

图18 试验现场靶网设置

Fig.18 Target network setting in the test site

图19 飞射物着靶姿态测试原理图

Fig.19 Schematic diagram of impacting attitude test of flying object

图20 攻角计算模型

Fig.20 Angle of attack calculation model

图21 实心飞射物撞击靶板正面(左)与背面(右)形貌

Fig.21 Morphology of the front(left)and back (right)of the target plate impacted by solid flying object

图22 带腔体飞射物撞击靶板正面(左)与背面(右)形貌

Fig.22 Morphology of the front(left)and back (right)of the target plate impacted by projectile with cavity

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