高海情舰船横摇对导弹垂直弹射的影响

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0453

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对掌握高海情舰船横摇运动对导弹垂直弹射出筒参数影响规律的需求，建立一种架-筒-弹耦合的导弹垂直弹射动力学模型，考虑高海情下发射架以及发射筒等产生的柔性变形，发射架、发射筒以及导弹之间的运动传递关系。通过对某舰载导弹垂直弹射过程的动力学仿真，结合仿真计算导弹出筒参数和试验获取数据比对，验证了模型正确性。基于该模型对高海情下舰船横摇运动参数变化引起的导弹垂直弹射出筒参数的变化进行了仿真分析。分析结果表明：舰船横摇角度和角速度对导弹垂直弹射出筒的俯仰角和俯仰角速度影响呈现线性关系，对滚转角速度影响呈现随机性，在横摇角度-14°或横摇角速度11.2°/s时，出筒滚转角速度出现突变。

关键词: 发射动力学, 有限元方法, 舰船横摇运动, 高海情, 垂直弹射

Abstract:

In order to master the influence law of ship rolling motion on the parameters of missile vertical ejection barrel under high sea states，a dynamic vertical launching model based on launcher，launch canister and missile coupling system is built.The flexible deformation of launcher and launch canister，as well as the movement transfer relationship among launcher，launch tube and missile are considered in the model.The correctness of the model is verified by comparing the dynamic simulation data and actual test data of vertical ejection process of a ship-borne missile.The changes in vertical ejection parameters of missiles caused by the changes in ship rolling motion parameters under high sea states are simulated and analyzed based on this model.The analysis results show that the pitch angle and pitch angular velocity of missile exhibit a linear increasing trend with the increases in ship roll angle and angular velocity amplitude.The effects of ship roll angle and angular velocity on the roll angular velocity of missile exhibits randomness，The roll angular velocity of the missile as it exits the tube changes drastically when ship roll angle is -14°or ship angular velocity is 11.2°/s.

Key words: launch dynamics, finite element method, ship rolling motion, high sea state, vertical ejection

王书满, 姜毅, 姜佰辰, 李莹, 胡秉伦. 高海情舰船横摇对导弹垂直弹射的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(S1): 250453-.

WANG Shuman, JIANG Yi, JIANG Baichen, LI Ying, HU Binglun. On the Effects of Ship Rolling Motions on Missile Vertical Ejection[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(S1): 250453-.

图/表 12

图1 坐标系定义

Fig.1 The definition of coordinate system

图2 导弹垂直弹射动力学模型

Fig.2 Dynamic vertical ejection model

图3 发射架有限元模型

Fig.3 The FEM model of launcher

图4 发射筒有限元模型

Fig.4 The FEM model of launch canister

图5 适配器有限元模型

Fig.5 The FEM model of adapter

表1 5级海况下舰船横摇运动数据

Tab.1 Ship swing motions under fifth level sea state

运动参数	幅值
φ/（°）	-18~18
Ω/（（°）·s^-1）	-14~14

图6 弹射动力加载方式

Fig.6 Loading method of ejection power

图7 弹射动力装置产生的推力曲线

Fig.7 Curve of ejection thrust

表2 加载的舰船摇摆运动数据

Tab.2 Loading condition of ship swing motions

运动参数	幅值
φ/（°）	2
Ω/（（°）·s^-1）	1.4

表3 仿真结果与试验结果对比

Tab.3 Comparison of simulated and test results

出筒参数	试验结果	仿真结果有限元	误差
t/s	0.32	0.34	5%
v/（m·s^-1）	28.79	26.49	-8%
θ_z/（°）	-2.17	-2.34	-8%
θ_y/（°）	0.018	0.019	4%
θ_z/（°）	-0.14	-0.15	-7%
ω_z/（°）	0.54	0.53	-2%
ω_y/（°）	0.75	0.68	-9%
ω_x/（°）	-1.51	-1.42	6%

图8 舰船横摇角度对导弹出筒参数的影响

Fig.8 Effect of ship rolling angle on ejection parameters

图9 舰船横摇角速度对导弹出筒参数的影响

Fig.9 Effects of rolling angular velocity of the ship on ejection parameters

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