单频电磁辐射对通信电台的阻塞干扰规律

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0251

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为提高通信电台电磁防护能力，揭示单频电磁辐射对通信电台的阻塞干扰效应规律，对通信电台接收链路进行非线性分析，以某型通信电台为被试对象，在定频通信状态下开展电磁辐射效应试验。结果表明：单频电磁辐射易造成通信电台误码率升高甚至通信中断，误码率与干扰信号强度成正相关，当误码率升高至22%~23%左右时，再继续增大辐射场强，会导致通信中断；工作频率对于电台抗阻塞干扰能力有较大影响，被试通信电台敏感频段约为(f₀-60)~(f₀+60)kHz，当辐射频偏处于±1MHz范围内时，不同工作频率下临界干扰场强均随辐射频偏向两端扩大而增加，且有明确的大小关系，超出该范围则起伏交错、各有高低；在一定范围内，增强有用信号会提高临界干扰场强，两者提升倍数相近，提高有用信号强度能明显改善通信电台抗阻塞干扰能力。

关键词: 通信电台, 单频电磁辐射, 阻塞干扰效应, 误码率, 临界干扰场强

Abstract:

In order to improve the electromagnetic protection ability of communication radio station and reveal the blocking interference effect of single frequency electromagnetic radiation on the communication radio station，the nonlinear analysis of the receiving link of communication radio station is conducted，and then taking a certain type of communication station as the test object，the electromagnetic radiation experiments are carried out under the fixed frequency communication state.The results show that single frequency electromagnetic radiation is easy to cause the increase in bit error rate of communication radio and even lead to communication interruption，and the bit error rate is positively correlated with the intensity of interference signal.When the bit error rate increases to about 22%-23%，the increase in the radiation field strength will lead to communication interruption.The operating frequency has a great impact on the anti-blocking interference ability of radio station.The sensitive frequency band of the tested communication radio station is about (f₀-60)-( f₀+60)kHz.When the radiation frequency offset is within the range of ±1MHz，the critical interference field strength under different operating frequencies increases with the expansion of radiation frequency offset at both ends，and there is a clear size relationship of the critical interference field strength.Beyond this range，the critical interference field strength will be ups and downs with different levels，with different levels.In a certain range，enhancing the useful signal will improve the critical interference field strength，and the improvement times of the two are similar.The strength of the useful signal can be enhanced to significantly improve the anti-blocking interference ability of communication station.

Key words: communication radio station, single frequency electromagnetic radiation, blocking interference effect, bit error rate, critical interference field strength

赵凯, 薛文辉, 冉旭光, 王涛. 单频电磁辐射对通信电台的阻塞干扰规律[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(S1): 250251-.

ZHAO Kai, XUE Wenhui, RAN Xuguang, WANG Tao. The Blocking Interference Law of Single Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation on Communication Radio Station[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(S1): 250251-.

图/表 11

图1 输入信号矢量分析图

Fig.1 Analysis diagram of input signal vector

图2 通信电台电磁辐射效应试验平台

Fig.2 Electromagnetic radiation effect test platform for communication radio station

图3 带内干扰时误码率随辐射场强变化

Fig.3 Variation of error rate with radiation field strength during in-band interference

图4 带外干扰时误码率随辐射场强变化

Fig.4 Variation of error rate with radiation field strength during out-of-band interference

表1 数字通信干扰等级划分

Table 1 Digital communication interference level division

	干扰等级	等级划分	干扰效果
信息损伤级	5	BER≤1%	干扰弱
	4	1%<BER≤5%	干扰较弱
	3	5%<BER≤7.5%	干扰较强
	2	7.5%<BER≤10%	干扰强
	1	BER>10%	干扰很强
工作破坏级		通信设备完全被阻塞，失去接收能力

图5 不同工作频率下敏感度曲线(-1MHz≤Δfi≤1MHz)

Fig.5 Susceptibility curves under different operating frequencies (-1MHz≤Δfi≤1MHz)

图6 不同工作频率下敏感度曲线(-30MHz≤Δfi≤40MHz)

Fig.6 Susceptibility curves under different operating frequencies (-30MHz≤Δfi≤40MHz)

图7 相同辐射频偏、不同工作频率时临界干扰场强

Fig.7 Critical interference field strength at the same radiation frequency offset and different operating frequencies

图8 有用信号强度不同时敏感度曲线(-1MHz≤Δfi≤1MHz)

Fig.8 Susceptibility curves for different useful signal strengths -1MHz≤Δfi≤1MHz)

图9 有用信号强度不同时敏感度曲线(-30MHz≤Δfi≤40MHz)

Fig.9 Susceptibility curves for different useful signal strengths (-30MHz≤Δfi≤40MHz)

表2 不同有用信号强度下临界干扰场强差值

Table 2 The difference in critical interference field strength under different useful signal intensities

辐射频偏/kHz	-30000	-10000	-1000	-500	-200	-80	-40	-35	-30	-25
临界干扰场强差值/dB	4.3	10.3	11.6	11.1	9.7	9.0	1.7	0.9	10.3	10.8
辐射频偏/kHz	-20	-15	-10	-5	0	5	10	15	20	25
临界干扰场强差值/dB	12.0	12.3	12.3	11.6	9.4	8.6	8.9	9.7	9.7	10.1
辐射频偏/kHz	30	35	40	80	200	500	1000	10000	30000	/
临界干扰场强差值/dB	9.2	2.6	5.2	10.6	10.3	10.5	12.8	9.9	10.8	/
临界干扰场强差值平均值/dB	9.2
临界干扰场强差值方差/dB	10.0

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