超空泡航行体运动过程流体动力特性试验研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2019.11.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为分析超空泡航行体运动过程流体动力特性，采用试验的方法对超空泡航行体自由航行过程进行研究。试验在水池中进行，利用高速摄像机观察超空泡演化过程，通过压力传感器和内测装置分别测量航行体表面压力和流体动力。研究结果表明：在航行体运动过程中，轴向力系数不是一定值，在平均值0.1附近小幅波动，运动后期平均轴向力系数有所增加；在运动初期，法向力系数在0附近小幅波动，随着时间推移，法向力系数呈周期振荡特性，变化周期约为0.055 s；航行体在运动过程中受到重力等因素影响引起扰动，使得姿态产生改变，开始出现尾部振荡，拍动空泡壁；在拍击空泡壁瞬间，压力急剧增加，产生法向力并不断增大，引起的恢复力矩使得航行体尾部向相反方向运动，形成上下周期性拍动空泡壁运动，流场周期性的演变直接导致了法向力系数周期性变化。

关键词: 水下航行体, 超空泡, 流体动力, 自由航行, 周期性, 试验研究

Abstract: The free-running process of supercavitating vehicle is experimentally studied to investigate the hydrodynamic characteristics of supercavitating vehicle during its motion. The evolutionary process of supercavitation in a pool is observed by using a high-speed video camera, the surface pressure of the vehicle is measured by using the pressure sensors, and the hydrodynamic characteristics of supercavitating vehicle are measured by using a built-in measuring device. The experimental results show that the axial force coefficient is not a steady value which is fluctuated around an average value of about 0.1, the average axial force coefficient increases with running time, and the normal force coefficient fluctuates 0 due to the linear movement. The normal force coefficient fluctuates periodically with time, and the fluctuation cycle is about 0.055 s. It is found that the pose of supercavitating vehicle varies due to the gravity and other impact factors, the one rear side of the vehicle impacts the cavity, a peak pressure occurs, which causes the normal force to be increasing, and then the rear of the vehicle moves to the other side due to the restoring moments. A phenomenon of the trailing cycle oscillation on the vehicle impacting to the cavity occurs, and the periodic evolution of flow field leads to the periodic change in the normal force coefficient. Key

Key words: supercavitatingvehicle, supercavity, hydrodynamics, freemotion, cyclicity, experimentalstudy

中图分类号:

TV131.3⁺2

时素果, 王亚东, 杨晓光, 刘乐华. 超空泡航行体运动过程流体动力特性试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(11): 2266-2271.

SHI Suguo， WANG Yadong， YANG Xiaoguang， LIU Lehua. Experimental Investigation on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Supercavitating Vehicle during Its Motion[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2019, 40(11): 2266-2271.

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第40卷
第11期2019 年11月兵工学报ACTA
ARMAMENTARIIVol.40No.11Nov.2019

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