空基光电载荷在复杂环境下目标综合定位能力

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2025.0526

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对空基光电载荷在复杂环境下对目标高精度定位的需求，开展了空基载荷在复杂环境下的目标综合定位能力研究。提出在外场复杂环境下对空基光电载荷目标定位综合能力的测试方案，该方案基于光电载荷定位原理，在复杂环境条件下，量化评估不同类型或不同参数的光电载荷定位能力，并基于某型空基光电载荷开展了实际测试验证。验证结果表明：平台存在轻微运动时随着目标距离增大定位角度误差会被放大，进而影响定位精度；视轴与光轴的装配偏差导致远距离目标可以发现、锁定目标但定位误差增大甚至无法定位。该方案能够对空基光电载荷定位能力进行量化评价，为空基光电载荷的性能优化提供了明确方向，后续将进一步引入其它天气条件并结合动态目标展开定位能力测试。

关键词: 空基光电载荷, 复杂环境, 定位能力, 评价方法

Abstract:

In response to the demand for high-precision target positioning of airborne electro-optical payloads in complex environment，the comprehensive target positioning capability of airborne payloads is studied.This paper proposes a test scheme for evaluating the comprehensive target positioning capability of airborne electro-optical payloads in complex field environments.Based on the positioning principles of electro-optical payloads，the scheme is used to quantitatively assesses the positioning capabilities of different types of electro-optical payloads under complex environmental conditions.A specific type of airborne electro-optical payload is tested and verified.The verified results indicate that the angular positioning error is amplified with the increase in the target distance when the platform exhibits slight motion，thereby affecting the positioning accuracy.Additionally，the assembly deviations between the boresight and optical axis result in the ability to detect and lock onto distant targets，but lead to the increased positioning errors or even failure to position accurately.This scheme enables the quantitative evaluation of the positioning capability of airborne electro-optical payloads.The work in this paper provides a clear direction for performance optimization of such payloads.Future efforts will further incorporate other weather conditions and conduct the positioning capability tests on dynamic targets.

Key words: airborne optical payload, complex environment, positioning capability, evaluation method

臧博, 藏磊, 吴晓龙, 李浩东, 李欣, 梁栋栋, 孙建波. 空基光电载荷在复杂环境下目标综合定位能力[J]. 兵工学报, 2025, 46(S1): 250526-.

ZANG Bo, ZANG Lei, WU Xiaolong, LI Haodong, LI Xin, LIANG Dongdong, SUN Jianbo. Comprehensive Localization Capability of Airborne Electro-optical Payloads in Complex Environments[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2025, 46(S1): 250526-.

图/表 13

图1 定位过程中的坐标转换

Fig.1 Coordinate system conversion during positioning

图2 日间环境温度与风速

Fig.2 Daytime environment temperature and wind speed

图3 近距离定位能力测试

Fig.3 Close-range positioning capability test

图4 远距离定位能力测试-1

Fig.4 Long-range positioning capability test-1

图5 远距离定位能力测试-2

Fig.5 Long-range positioning capability test-2

图6 远距离定位能力测试-3

Fig.6 Long-range positioning capability test-3

表1 日间定位能力测试结果

Table 1 Test results of daytime positioning capability

名称	第1次偏差/m	第2次偏差/m	第3次偏差/m	第4次偏差/m
载荷	0.7	49.2	15.5	6.42

图7 昼间环境温度与风速

Fig.7 Daytime environment temperature and wind speed

表2 昼间定位能力测试结果

Table 2 Daytime positioning performance test results

名称	第1次偏差/m	第2次偏差/m	第3次偏差/m	第4次偏差/m
载荷	23.35	30.52	—	—

图8 夜间定位能力-1

Fig.8 Nighttime positioning capability-1

图9 夜间定位能力-2

Fig.9 Nighttime positioning capability-2

图10 夜间定位能力-3

Fig.10 Nighttime positioning capability-3

图11 夜间定位能力-4

Fig.11 Nighttime positioning capability-4

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