混合动力装甲车直流微电网大信号稳定性分析

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0472

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

混合动力装甲车直流微电网的电能质量与稳定性关系到车内所有用电设备是否能够安全可靠运行。针对混合动力装甲车辆车载微电网在大扰动下母线电压震荡乃至失稳的现象,建立计及恒功率负载与发电机组的车载微电网的大扰动模型;基于混合势函数理论得到车载微电网稳定性判据,解决了现有大扰动分析方法不适应混合动力装甲车辆车载微电网的问题,并分析了微电网重要参数与响应速度及稳定性之间的关系。通过硬件在环仿真及台架试验验证了稳定性判据及分析结果的可靠性。结果表明:在大扰动下,满足该判据的系统能够稳定运行。

关键词: 混合动力汽车, 直流微电网, 混合势函数, 稳定性分析

Abstract:

The power quality and stability of an on-board DC microgrid are related to whether the electrical equipment in the vehicle can work safely and reliably. Aiming at the problem of bus voltage oscillation and instability of on-board DC microgrids under large disturbances, a large-disturbance model of an on-board DC microgrid that considers constant power load and engine-generator is established. Based on the mixed potential theory, the stability criterion of the on-board microgrid is obtained, solving the problem that existing large-disturbance analysis methods are not suitable for on-board microgrids. The influence of important parameters on the response speed and stability of the microgrid are also analyzed. Finally, the stability criterion and the accuracy of the analysis results are verified by hardware-in-the-loop simulation and bench experiments. The results show that the system satisfying the criterion can operate stably under large disturbances.

Key words: hybrid electric vehicle, DC microgrid, mixed potential theory, stability analysis

中图分类号:

TJ810.2

徐浩轩, 马晓军, 刘春光. 混合动力装甲车直流微电网大信号稳定性分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(1): 108-116.

XU Haoxuan, MA Xiaojun, LIU Chunguang. Large-Signal Stability of On-board DC Microgrids for Hybrid Electric Armored Vehicles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(1): 108-116.

图/表 11

图1 车载微电网拓扑结构

Fig.1 Topology of an on-board microgrid

图2 发电机组等效电源模型

Fig.2 Equivalent power model of the generator set

图3 车载微电网简化模型

Fig.3 Simplified model of an on-board microgrid

图4 硬件在环仿真平台

Fig.4 Hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform

表1 微电网部分设计参数

Table 1 Design parameters of the microgrid

参数	数值
机组额定转速/(r·min^-1)	2100
机组额定功率/kW	280
超级电容额定电压/V	750
超级电容额定容量/F	3
蓄电池电压/A	680
蓄电池最大输出功率/kW	190
等效电阻R₀/Ω	0.004
等效电感L/H	0.875
控制器参数K_i	20
控制器参数K_p	30
发动机外特性比例系数K	10
母线额定电压/V	750

图5 表1参数下系统加载过程电压及转速跟踪情况

Fig.5 Voltage and speed trajectory during system loading using Table 1 parameters

图6 第2组参数系统加载过程电压及转速跟踪情况

Fig.6 Voltage and speed trajectory during system loading test under Condition 2

图7 Kii/ K p i 2随Kp和Ki变化情况

Fig.7 Change of Kii/ K p i 2 with Kp and Ki

图8 超级电容不同容值下加载过程电压跟踪情况

Fig.8 Voltage trajectory during system loading under different capacitances

表2 台架试验设计参数

Table 2 Design parameters of bench test

参数组	超级电容/F	K_p	K_i	U_d	稳定性
第3组	3	30	20	不限幅	不稳定
第4组	6	15	30	不限幅	稳定
第5组	3	30	20	限幅	稳定

图9 台架试验母线电压跟踪情况

Fig.9 Bus voltage tracking trajectories of the bench test

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