高性能复合纤维的防刺机理

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2021.0513

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来持刀袭警、袭医事件屡有发生，防刺服作为保障生命的最后一道防线至关重要。目前防刺服主要由高性能复合纤维制成，虽通过了标准穿刺测试，但其防刺机理尚不明晰。以3种典型防刺材料——浸胶芳纶布、无纬PE布和平纹芳纶布为研究对象，基于刚度、硬度、准静态穿刺和动态穿刺实验，研究相同面密度下3种材料的防刺机理。研究结果表明：防刺材料的硬度和弯曲刚度越大，准静态刺破力和动态刺破力越大，抵抗变形和刀具刺透的能力越强，防刺性能越好；刀具动能大部分转换为防刺服和背衬材料的动能和变形能，材料破坏吸能较少，研发防刺服的重点不在于吸能，而应增加其硬度及弯曲刚度。研究成果可为下一代轻质柔性防刺服的研发提供理论参考。

关键词: 芳纶纤维, 超高分子量聚乙烯纤维, 准静态穿刺, 动态穿刺, 弯曲刚度, 硬度

Abstract: Recently，there are frequent incidents of police officers and doctors being stabbed. Stabbing-resistant clothing plays a significant role as the last line of defense of human lives. It is typically made of high-strength composite fibers. Despite extensive stabbing resistance testing，the mechanism of such products' stabbing resistance performance remains unclear. Three typical stab-resistant materials，namely plain woven aramid fabric with epoxy resin，unidirectional high-performance polyethylene fiber cloth，and pure plain woven aramid fabric，are herein examined through bending stiffness，hardness，quasi-static stabbing，and dynamic stabbing tests. The stabbing resistance mechanism of the three materials under specific areal densities are studied. The results show that high-bending stiffness and hardness significantly enhance the quasi-static and dynamic stabbing performance of the product，showing a higher reaction force and smaller deformation. In addition，as most of the weapon's kinetic energy is transformed into the kinetic energy and deformation energy of the stab-resistant clothing and the backing material，less energy is absorbed for material damage. Therefore，it is more important to enhance the hardness and bending stiffness of the stab-resistant clothing rather than boosting its energy absorption capacity. A new generation of lightweight，flexible stab-resistant products can be developed based on our theoretical findings.

Key words: aramidfiber, ultra-highmolecularpolyethylenefiber, staticstabbing, dynamicstabbing, bendingstiffness, hardness

中图分类号:

TS941.731

刘宇航, 黄广炎, 张宏, 周宏元. 高性能复合纤维的防刺机理[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(9): 2143-2151.

LIU Yuhang, HUANG Guangyan, ZHANG Hong, ZHOU Hongyuan. Stabbing Resistance Mechanism of High-performance Composite Fabrics[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(9): 2143-2151.

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