陶瓷复合装甲抗14.5mm穿燃弹侵彻性能

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2021.0244

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大口径反装甲杀伤武器在战场上发挥着越来越重要的作用，对装甲材料和结构设计提出了更高要求。为探究陶瓷复合装甲在14.5 mm穿燃弹侵彻作用下的抗弹机理与抗弹性能，设计一种铺层顺序为陶瓷/纤维/金属/柔性芯材/金属的复合装甲结构，采用试验研究方法分析厚度匹配、底板材料和柔性芯材3个因素对其抗弹性能的影响。结果表明：陶瓷面板厚度对抗弹性能影响显著，抗14.5 mm穿燃弹打击时，陶瓷面板厚度为1.38倍弹芯直径，抗弹性能较优；面密度相近、陶瓷厚度一定时，复合背板的厚度配置在一定程度上的变化对抗弹性能影响甚微；面密度相近、底板选用装甲铝时，厚度较大，抗侵彻性能更好；柔性芯材的设置既可以降低损伤面积，又可以发挥偏转功能，改变子弹侵彻底板的入射角，从而提高复合装甲的防护能力。

关键词: 复合装甲, 陶瓷, 穿燃弹, 抗弹性能

Abstract: Large-caliber anti-armor weapons are playing an increasingly important role in the battlefield，and higher requirements are put forward for the armor materials and structure design. In order to explore the bulllet-proof mechanisms and performance of ceramic composite armor penetrated by 14.5 mm armor-piercing projectile，an armor structure with ceramic/fiber/metal/flexible material/metal layup configuration was designed，and the influences of thickness matching，bottom plate material and flexible material on the ballistic performance were discussed through experiments.The results show that the thickness of ceramic plate has an influence on the bullet-proof performance significantly，and when the thickness of ceramic plate is 1.38 times of the core diameter，the targets have excellent bullet-proof performance. For the similar surface density and the constant ceramic thickness，the dimension matching of the composite rear plates has little influence on the bullet-proof performance when changing in a certain range.For the similar surface density，the thickness of the bottom plate should be larger when the armored aluminum is selected，and the anti-penetration performance is better. The flexible material can not only decrease the damage area，but also make the projectile yawed and change the incidence angle of projectile，thus improving the protective performance of the composite armor.

Key words: compositearmor, ceramic, armor-piercingincendiaryprojectile, bullet-proofperformance

中图分类号:

TJ410

张林, 陈斌, 谭清华, 张炜, 高颂. 陶瓷复合装甲抗14.5mm穿燃弹侵彻性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(4): 758-767.

ZHANG Lin, CHEN Bin, TAN Qinghua, ZHANG Wei, GAO Song. Bullet-proof Performance of Ceramic Composite Armors against 14.5mm Armor-piercing Projectiles[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2022, 43(4): 758-767.

参考文献

［1］曾毅，赵宝荣.装甲防护材料技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社，2014.
ZENG Y，ZHAO B R.Armor protection material technology [M].Beijing: National Defense Industry Press，2014.(in Chinese)
[2］曹贺全，孙葆森，徐龙堂，等.装甲防护技术研究[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社，2019.
CAO H Q，SUN B S，XU L T，et al.Research on armor protection technology[M].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology Press，2019.(in Chinese)
[3］殷文骏，程怡豪，宋春明，等.弹体高速侵彻陶瓷复合厚靶的计算模型研究[J].振动与冲击，2017，36(1):223-229.
YIN W J，CHENG Y H，SONG C M，et al.Calculation model for a high-velocity projectile penetrating a ceramic-composite target[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock，2017，36(1):223-229.(in Chinese)
[4］蒋志刚，曾首义，申志强.轻型陶瓷复合装甲结构研究进展[J].兵工学报，2010，31(5):603-610.
JIANG Z G，ZENG S Y，SHEN Z Q. Research progress on lightweight ceramic composite armor structure[J].Acta Armamentarii，2010，31(5):603-610.(in Chinese)
[5］ WILKINS M L，CLINE C F，HONODEL C A.Fourth progress report of light armor program: UCRL-5034 [R］.Livermore，CA，US:California University，1969.
[6］ WOODWARD R L.A simple one-dimensional approach to modelling ceramic composite armour defeat[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering，1990，9(4):455-474.
[7］侯海量，朱锡，李伟.轻型陶瓷/金属复合装甲抗弹机理研究[J].兵工学报，2013，34(1):105-114.
HOU H L，ZHU X，LI W.Investigation on bullet proof mechanism of light ceramic/steel composite armor[J].Acta Armamentarii，2013，34(1):105-114.(in Chinese)
[8］侯海量，朱锡，阚于龙.轻型陶瓷复合装甲结构抗弹性能研究进展[J].兵工学报，2008，29(2):208-216.
HOU H L，ZHU X，KAN Y L.The advance of ballistic performance of light ceramic composite armour under the impact of projectile[J].Acta Armamentarii，2008，29(2): 208-216.(in Chinese)
[9］杜忠华.动能弹侵彻陶瓷复合装甲机理[D].南京:南京理工大学，2002.
DU Z H.Mechanics research on penetration of KE-projectile to ceramic composite amour[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science & Technology，2002.(in Chinese)
[10］杜忠华，赵国志，杨玉林.陶瓷/玻璃纤维/钢板复合靶板抗弹性能的研究[J].兵工学报，2003，24(2):219-221.
DU Z H，ZHAO G Z，YANG Y L.A study on the performance of a composite armour plate of ceramic/GFRP/steel[J].Acta Armamentarii，2003，24(2):219-221.(in Chinese)
[11］ LI J Z，ZHANG L S，HUANG F L.Experiments and simulations of tungsten alloy rods penetrating into alumina ceramic/603 armor steel composite targets[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering， 2016， 101:1-8.
[12］张志倩，赵太勇，于寅业，等.穿甲弹垂直侵彻陶瓷复合靶弹道极限速度的研究[J].火炮发射与控制学报，2021，42(1):36-42.
ZHANG Z Q，ZHAO T Y，YU Y Y，et al.Study on the limit velocity of armor-piercing projectile vertically penetrating ceramic composite target ballistics[J].Journal of Gun Launch & Control，2021，42(1):36-42.(in Chinese)
[13］包阔，张先锋，谈梦婷，等.子弹撞击碳化硼陶瓷复合靶试验与数值模拟研究[J].爆炸与冲击，2019，39(12):54-65.
BAO K，ZHANG X F，TAN M T，et al. Ballistic test and numerical simulation on penetration of a boron-carbide-ceramic composite target by a bullet[J］.Explosion and Shock Waves，2019，39(12): 54-65.(in Chinese)
[14］ JIUSTI J，KAMMER E H，NECKEL L，et al.Ballistic performance of Al₂O₃ mosaic armors with gap-filling materials[J].Ceramics International，2017，43(2):2697-2704.
[15］高玉波，张伟，宜晨虹，等.黏结层对陶瓷/金属复合装甲抗弹性能的影响研究[J].振动与冲击，2019，38(13):95-101.
GAO Y B，ZHANG W，YI C H，et al.Effects of adhesive layer on anti-penetration performance of ceramic/metal composite armour[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock，2019，38(13):95-101.(in Chinese)
[16］ MEDVEDOVSKI E.Ballistic performance of armour ceramics: Influence
of design and structure. Part 1[J].Ceramics International，2010， 36(7):2103-2115.
[17］ MEDVEDOVSKI E.Ballistic performance of armour ceramics: Influence of design and structure.Part 2[J].Ceramics International，2010，36(7):2117-2127.
[18］谈梦婷，张先锋，包阔，等.长杆弹撞击装甲陶瓷界面击溃/侵彻特性[J].爆炸与冲击，2021，41(3):60-71.
TAN M T，ZHANG X F，BAO K，et al.Characteristics of interface defeat and penetration during the impact between a ceramic armor and a long-rod projectile[J].Explosion and Shock Waves，2021，41(3):60-71.(in Chinese)
[19］武海玲，武新，胡丽萍，等.不同约束面板的陶瓷复合靶抗弹性能试验研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程，2010，33(2):74-75.
WU H L，WU X，HU L P，et al. Experimental study on the ballistic properties of ceramic composite armor with different confined faceplates[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering，2010，33(2):74-75.(in Chinese)
[20］高华，熊超，殷军辉，等.多层异质复合靶板抗侵彻性能试验及结构优化设计[J].弹道学报，2018，30(3):67-72.
GAO H，XIONG C，YIN J H，et al.Anti-penetration performance test and structural optimization design of multilayer heterogeneous composite target-plate[J].Journal of Ballistics，2018，30(3):67-72. (in Chinese)
[21］高华，熊超，殷军辉，等.多层异质陶瓷复合靶板抗侵彻试验及数值模拟[J].火炮发射与控制学报，2019，40(1):89-93，98.
GAO H，XIONG C，YIN J H，et al.Anti-penetration test and numerical simulation of multilayer heterogeneous ceramic composite target[J]. Gun Launch & Control Journal， 2019，40(1):89-93，98.(in Chinese)
[22］李换芝.倾角穿孔装甲对14.5 mm穿燃弹防护性能的影响[J].科技创新与生产力，2016(2):90-91，94.
LI H Z.Influence of oblique perforated armor on the protective performance of the 14.5 mm armor-piercing incendiary[J].Sci-tech Innovation and Productivity，2016(2):90-91，94.(in Chinese)
[23］李全真.新型陶瓷复合装甲抗7.62 mm穿燃弹性能与应用研究[D].长沙:国防科技大学，2018.
LI Q Z. Studies of anti-eroding performance and application of new ceramic composite armor against 7.62 mm armor-piercing incendiary[D].Changsha: National University of Defense Technology，2018.(in Chinese)
[24］王玺.轻型结构陶瓷复合装甲抗12.7 mm穿燃弹侵彻性能研究[D].长沙:国防科技大学，2017.
WANG X. Studies of anti-penetration performance of light-weight ceramic composite armor against 12.7 mm armour-piercing incendiary[D].Changsha: National University of Defense Technology，2017.(in Chinese)
[25］高华，熊超，殷军辉，等.陶瓷复合靶板抗侵彻性能试验及数值研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程，2018，41(3):38-42.
GAO H，XIONG C，YIN J H，et al.Experiment and numerical simulation on anti-penetration performance of ceramic composite target[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering，2018，41(3): 38-42.(in Chinese)
[26］ JOHNSON G R，HOLMQUIST T J.Response of boron carbide subjected to large strains，high strain rates，and high pressures[J].Journal of Applied Physics，1999，85(12): 8060-8073.
[27］装甲车辆试验规程装甲板抗枪弹性能试验:GJB 59.18—88[S].北京:国防科学技术工业委员会，1988.
Test operations procedure for armoured vehicles armour plate bullet-proof test:GJB 59.18—88[S].Beijing: Commission of Science，Technology，and Industry for National Defense 1988.(in Chinese)
[28］杨超，陈炯.陶瓷块复合材料抗弹性能研究[J]. 兵器材料科学与工程，2003，26(2):15-18.
YANG C，CHEN J. Research on Ball-proof performance of lump ceramics composite material. Ordance Material Science and Engineering，2003，26(2):15-18.(in Chinese)
[29］彭宗法.枪弹(三)[J].轻兵器，1997 (4):33-36.
PENG Z F.Bullet (Ⅲ)[J]. Small Arms，1997 (4):33-36.(in Chinese)
[30］蒋志刚，申志强，曾首义，等.穿甲子弹侵彻陶瓷/钢复合靶板试验研究[J].弹道学报，2007，19(4):38-42.
JIANG Z G，SHEN Z Q，ZENG S Y，et al.An experimental study on ceramic/mild steel targets against APP[J]. Journal of Ballistics，2007，19(4):38-42.(in Chinese)
[31］晏麓晖，曾首义，蒋志刚，等.陶瓷厚度与约束对陶瓷复合靶抗弹性能的影响[J].弹道学报，2009，21(3):15-18，22.
YAN L H，ZENG S Y，JIANG Z G，et al.Effects of ceramic thickness and confinement on performance of ceramic composite targets[J].Journal of Ballistics，2009，21(3):15-18，22.(in Chinese)

[1]	杨满芝，景钢，郭卫，张传伟，武宏璋，魏凯洋，李林岳，吕振阳，桂皓晨，张晓栋. 精密对称驱动二级微动放大系统设计及性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(6): 1456-1465.
[2]	李永鹏，徐豫新，张健，花培鑫，赵晓旭. SiC陶瓷/UHMWPE纤维复合结构抗12.7mm穿甲燃烧弹试验与仿真[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(6): 1355-1364.
[3]	田超，李志鹏，董永香. 表面驻留对陶瓷复合结构抗侵彻特性影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(5): 1144-1154.
[4]	王雪蓉，孙岩，王倩倩，姚凯，孟祥艳，周燕萍，刘运传，马衍东. 基于下落式量热法的碳化硅陶瓷高温比热容测试[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(1): 169-174.
[5]	党泉勇，葛彦鑫，高玉波. 冲击加载下Al₂O₃/SiC复合陶瓷的动态力学行为[J]. 兵工学报, 2022, 43(1): 175-180.
[6]	叶腾钶，徐豫新，武岳，任云燕. 添加TiB₂对石墨烯改性B₄C陶瓷基复合材料抗弹性能的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(7): 1471-1481.
[7]	常丽萍，常亚南，杨雷雷. 内圈倾斜角对高速角接触球轴承动态特性的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(6): 1138-1147.
[8]	郭登刚, 周强, 刘睿, 陈鹏万. 铝-镁-铝轻质金属层状复合靶抗弹性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(3): 598-606.
[9]	任会兰, 赵翰卿, 李尉, 宁建国. 基于离散元法分析增韧陶瓷圆环的动态膨胀碎裂[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(3): 607-616.
[10]	黄竣皓, 王琳, 刘小品, 徐雪峰, 刘安晋, Tayyeb Ali, 周哲, 宁子轩, 杨佳彬, 张斌斌, 程兴旺. Ti-6321钛合金力学性能和抗弹性能[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(1): 124-132.
[11]	宗玙，宋仁国，花天顺，蔡思伟. 石墨烯对7050高强铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜层组织性能的影响[J]. 兵工学报, 2020, 41(6): 1210-1218.
[12]	高玉波，秦国华，张伟，宜晨虹，邓勇军. TiB₂-B₄C复合陶瓷动态压缩特性研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2019, 40(11): 2304-2310.
[13]	胡年明，陈长海，朱锡，侯海量. 陶瓷与芳纶层合板叠层结构抗侵彻性能试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(5): 976-982.
[14]	唐恩凌，李月，王睿智，韩雅菲，王利，相升海，李振波，高国文，林晓初，刘美，许迎亮. 强冲击下PZT-5H压电陶瓷的动力响应及电输出特性研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(5): 983-990.
[15]	孙非，曲一，徐诚. 超高分子量聚乙烯材料软质防弹衣抗弹性能老化衰减规律研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2018, 39(11): 2249-2255.